Sanger sequencing

1.서론(INTRODUCTION)

Sanger sequencing, also known as the chain termination method, is a pivotal and foundational technique in the field of molecular biology and genetics, revolutionizing our understanding of DNA structure and function. Developed by the biochemist Frederick Sanger and his colleagues in the late 1970s, this method has become a cornerstone of genetic analysis, enabling researchers to determine the precise nucleotide sequences of DNA molecules. The technique gained prominence due to its reliability, accuracy, and ability to provide high-quality sequence data, which can be applied in various areas, including biotechnology, medicine, and evolutionary biology. At its core, Sanger sequencing employs a unique mechanism to decipher the order of nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA) by utilizing modified nucleotides known as dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs). Unlike the regular deoxynucleotides (dNTPs) that are incorporated into DNA strands during DNA synthesis, ddNTPs lack a 3`…