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금전적 보상과 성과간의 관계: 감정과 노력의 매개효과와 과업복잡성 조절효과
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금전적 보상과 성과간의 관계 감정과 노력의 매개효과와 과업복잡성 조절효과.hwp
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금전적 보상과 성과간의 관계 감정과 노력의 매개효과와 과업복잡성 조절효과.hwp
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자료설명
감정과 노력의 매개효과와 과업복잡성 조절효과에 대해서 설명했습니다.
up금전적보상과성과간의관계
up금전적보상과성과간의관계
목차/차례
- Ⅰ. 서 론
- Ⅱ. 연구모형과 가설
- 1. ‘금전적 보상-노력-성과’의 관계
- 2. ‘금전적 보상-감정-노력-성과’의 관계
- 3. 과업복잡성의 조절효과
- Ⅲ. 연구설계
- 1. 실험의 개요
- 2. 실험진행절차
- 3. 변수의 처리 및 측정
- Ⅳ. 자료분석 및 가설검정
- 1. 감정과 노력의 매개효과에 관한 가설의 검정
- 2. 과업복잡성의 조절효과에 관한 가설의 검정
- Ⅴ. 결론 및 토의
- 참 고 문 헌
본문/내용
2. ‘금전적 보상-감정-노력-성과’의 관계
**금전적 보상이 노력에 미치는 효과를 일관성 있게 설명하기 위한 한 가지 방법은 적절한 매개변수를 도입하는 것이다. Lewin 등[1944]이 제시한 야심수준의 유인가 모형(Weiner, 1985, pp.170-173)은 감정이라는 인지적 요인이 금전적 보상과 노력의 관계에서 매개변수로 작용하고 있을 가능성을 제시하고 있다. 이 모형은 개인적 목표를 야심수준으로 정의한다. 야심수준의 유인가(V)는 목표달성에 부착된 양의 유인가(Vs)와 목표달성의 주관적 성공가능성(Ps)의 증가함수이면서 목표달성실패에 부착된 음의 유인가(Vf)와 목표달성의 주관적 실패가능성(Pf)의 감소함수로 정의된다(V=Vs Ps-Vf Pf). 이에 따르면, 개인적 특성과 과업 특성의 영향을 받을 것으로 추정되는 목표달성의 주관적 성공가능성(Ps)과 목표달성의 주관적 실패가능성(Pf)이 일정한 상황에서, 금전적 보상이 야심수준의 유인가(V)에 미치는 효과는 그것이 목표달성에 부착된 양의 유인가(Vs)를 증가시키는가 아니면 목표달성실패에 부착된 음의 유인가(Vf)를 증가시키는가에 달려 있다. 만일 전자의 경우라면 금전적 보상은 야심수준을 높이고 노력의 증대…
**금전적 보상이 노력에 미치는 효과를 일관성 있게 설명하기 위한 한 가지 방법은 적절한 매개변수를 도입하는 것이다. Lewin 등[1944]이 제시한 야심수준의 유인가 모형(Weiner, 1985, pp.170-173)은 감정이라는 인지적 요인이 금전적 보상과 노력의 관계에서 매개변수로 작용하고 있을 가능성을 제시하고 있다. 이 모형은 개인적 목표를 야심수준으로 정의한다. 야심수준의 유인가(V)는 목표달성에 부착된 양의 유인가(Vs)와 목표달성의 주관적 성공가능성(Ps)의 증가함수이면서 목표달성실패에 부착된 음의 유인가(Vf)와 목표달성의 주관적 실패가능성(Pf)의 감소함수로 정의된다(V=Vs Ps-Vf Pf). 이에 따르면, 개인적 특성과 과업 특성의 영향을 받을 것으로 추정되는 목표달성의 주관적 성공가능성(Ps)과 목표달성의 주관적 실패가능성(Pf)이 일정한 상황에서, 금전적 보상이 야심수준의 유인가(V)에 미치는 효과는 그것이 목표달성에 부착된 양의 유인가(Vs)를 증가시키는가 아니면 목표달성실패에 부착된 음의 유인가(Vf)를 증가시키는가에 달려 있다. 만일 전자의 경우라면 금전적 보상은 야심수준을 높이고 노력의 증대…
참고문헌
전병재. 1988. ｢사회심리학-관점과 이론｣. 서울:경문사.
한덕웅.1985. ｢조직행동의 동기이론｣. 서울:법문사.
Akerlof,G.A. 1982. Labor contracts as partial gift exchange. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 97, 543-69.
Arkin,R.M. 1981. `Self-Presentation Styles,` In Impressive Management Theory and Social Psychological Research. ed. J.T. Tedeschi. New York: Academic Press.
Awasthi,V. and J. Pratt. 1990. `The effects of financial incentives on effort and decision performance: the role of cognitive characteristics,` The Accounting Review. 65, 797-811.
Bailey,C.B., L.D. Brown & A.F. Cocco. 1998. `The effects of monetary incentives on worker learning and performance in an assembly task,` Journal of Management Accounting Research. 10, 119-131.
Baiman,S. 1982. `Agency research in managerial accounting: a survey,` Journal of Accounting Literature. 1, 154-213.
Bandura,A. 1977. Social Learning Theory. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Bandura,A. 1986. Social foundation of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Bandura,A. 1997. Self-Efficacy: the exercise of control. New York, NY: W.H. Free- man and Company.
Baumeister, R.F. 1982. `A Self Presentational View of Social Phenomena,` Psychological Bulletin. 91, 1, 3-26.
Bem, D.J. 1972. “Self-perception theory.” In L. Berkowitz(ed.). Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol. 6. New York: Academic Press, 1-62.
Bonner, S.E. 1994. ` A model of the effects of audit task complexity,` Accounting, Organizations and Society. 19, 213-234.
Bonner, S.E., R. Hastie, G.B. Sprinkle & S.M. Young. 2000. `A review of the effects of financial incentives on performance in laboratory task: implications for management accounting. Journal of Management Accounting Research. 13, 19-64.
Bonner, S.E. and G.B. Sprinkle. 2002. `The effects of monetary incentives on effort and task performance: theories, evidence, and a framework for research. Accounting, Organizations and Society. 27, 303-345.
Brown, B.R. 1968. `The Effects of Need to Maintain Face on Interpersonal Bargaining,` Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. Vol. 4, 107-22.
Bull, C., A. Schotter, and K. Weigelt. 1987. `Tournamants and piece rates: an experimental study,` Journal of Political Economy. 95, 1-33.
Campbell, D.J. 1988. `Task complexity: a review and analysis. Academy of Management Review. 13, 40-52.
Caplan,E.H. 1971. Management accounting and behavioral science. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company: Menlo Park, California.
Campbell, D.J. and D.R. Ilgen. 1976. `Additive effects of task difficulty and goal setting on subsequent task performance,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 61, 319-324.
Creyer, E.H., J.R. Bettman, J.W. Payne. 1990. `The impact of accuracy and effort feedback and goals on adaptive decision behavior,` Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. 3, 1-16.
Deci, E.L. 1971. `Effects of externally mediated rewards on intrinsic motivation,` Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 18, 105-115.
Deci,E.L. and R.M. Ryan. 1985. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. New York: Plenum.
Demski, J and G. Feltham. 1978. `Economic incentives in budgetary control systems,` The Accounting Review. 53, 336-359.
Dye, R.A. 1984. `The trouble with tournaments,` Economic Inquiry. 22, 147-149.
Dyer, L. and D.F. Parker. 1975. `Classifying outcomes in work motivation research: an examination of intrinsic-extrinsic dichtomy,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 60, 455-458.
Eisenberg, R. and J. Cameron. 1996. `Detrimental effects of reward: Reality or myth,` American Psychologist. 51, 1153-1166.
Erez, M. and R. Kanfer. 1983. `The role of goal acceptance in goal setting and task performance,` Academy of Management Review. 8, 454-463.
Gist, M.E., C. Schwoerer, and B. Rosen. 1989. `Effects of alternative training methods on self-efficacy and performance in computer software training,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 74, 6, 884-891.
Gist, M.E. and T.R. Mitchell. 1992. `Self-efficacy: a theoretical analysis of its determinants and malleability,` Academy of Management Review. 17, 183-211.
Goffman, E. 1959. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York; Doubleday.
Hogarth, R.M. 1993. ` Accounting for decisions and decisions for accounting,` Accounting, Organizations and Society. 18, 407-424.
Huber, V.L. 1985. `Comparison of financial reinforcers and goal setting as learning incentives,` Psychological Reports. 56, 223-235.
Jenkins,G.D.Jr. 1986. “Financial incentives.” In E.A. Locke(ed.). Generalizing from laboratory to field settings(pp.167-180). Lexington, MA: D.C. Herth and Company.
Jenkins, G.D.Jr., A. Mitra, N. Gupta, and J.D. Shaw. 1998. `Are financial incentives related to performance: A meta-analytic review of empirical research,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 83, 777-787.
Kanfer, R. and P.L. Ackerman. 1989. `Motivation and cognitive abilities: An integrative /aptitude treatment interaction approach to skill acquisition,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 74, 657-690.
Klein, H.J. 1989. `An integrated control theory model of work motivation,` Academy of Management Review. 14, 150-172.
Kohn, A. 1993. `Why incentive plans cannot work,` Harvard Business Review. 71, 54-63.
Kunz, A.H. and D. Pfaff. 2002. `Agency theory, performance evaluation, and the hypothetical construct of intrinsic motivation,` Accounting, Organizations and Society. 27, 275-295.
Latham, G. and E.A. Locke. 1991. `Self-regulation through goal-setting,` Organization Behavior and Human Decision Process. 50, 212-247.
Lepper, M.R., D. Greene, and R.E. Nisbett. 1973. `Undermining children`s intrinsic interest with extrinsic rewards: A test of the `overjustification` hypothesis,` Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 28, 129-137.
Locke, E.A., K. Shaw, L. Saari, G. Latham. 1981. `Goal setting and task performance: 1969-1980,` Psychological Bulletin. 90, 125-152.
Locke, E.A., E. Frederic, C. Lee, and P. Bobko. 1984. ` Effect of self-efficacy, goals , and task strategies on task performance,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 69, 241-251.
Locke, E.A. G.P. Latham, and Erez, M. 1988. `The determinants of goal commitment,` Academy of Management Review. 13, 23-39.
Locke, E.A. and G.P. Latham. 1990. A theory of goal setting and task performance. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
London,M. and G.R. Oldham. 1976. `Effects of varying goal types and incentive systems on performance and satisfaction,` Academy of Management Journal. 19, 537-546.
London, M. and G.R. Oldham. 1977. `A comparison of group and individual incentive plans,` Academy of Management Journal. 20, 34-41.
Mano,H. 1992. `Judgements under distress: Assessing the role of unpleasantness and arousal in judgement formation,` Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 52, 216-245.
Nisbett,R.E. and S. Valins. 1971. Perceiving the cause of one`s own behavior. Morristown, N.J.: General Learning Press.
Palmer,R.J. and R.B. Welker. 1994. `The Effect of an Anticipated Performance Evaluation on Willingness to Perform: The Intervention of Self-Presentational Motives,` Behavioral Research in Accounting, 6, 204-20.
Pelham,B.W. and E. Neter. 1995. `The effect of motivation of judgement depends on the difficulty of judgement,` Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 68, 581-594.
Riedel,J.A., D.M. Nebeker, and B.L.Cooper. 1988. `The influence of financial incentives on goal choice, goal commitment, and task performance,` Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 42, 155-180.
Rigby, C.S., E.L. Deci, B.C. Patrick, and R.M. Ryan. 1992. `Beyond the intrinsic-extrinsic dichotomy: self-determination in motivation and learning,` Motivation and Emotion. 16, 165-185.
Riley, J.G. 1979. `Information equilibrium,` Econometrica. 47, 331-360.
Sansone, C. and J. Harackiewicz. 2000. `Rewarding competence: the importance of goals in the study of intrinsic motivation.` In Sansone, C. and J. Harackiewicz(eds.). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: The search for optimal motivation and performance. (pp.82-103), San Diego: Academic Press.
한덕웅.1985. ｢조직행동의 동기이론｣. 서울:법문사.
Akerlof,G.A. 1982. Labor contracts as partial gift exchange. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 97, 543-69.
Arkin,R.M. 1981. `Self-Presentation Styles,` In Impressive Management Theory and Social Psychological Research. ed. J.T. Tedeschi. New York: Academic Press.
Awasthi,V. and J. Pratt. 1990. `The effects of financial incentives on effort and decision performance: the role of cognitive characteristics,` The Accounting Review. 65, 797-811.
Bailey,C.B., L.D. Brown & A.F. Cocco. 1998. `The effects of monetary incentives on worker learning and performance in an assembly task,` Journal of Management Accounting Research. 10, 119-131.
Baiman,S. 1982. `Agency research in managerial accounting: a survey,` Journal of Accounting Literature. 1, 154-213.
Bandura,A. 1977. Social Learning Theory. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Bandura,A. 1986. Social foundation of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Bandura,A. 1997. Self-Efficacy: the exercise of control. New York, NY: W.H. Free- man and Company.
Baumeister, R.F. 1982. `A Self Presentational View of Social Phenomena,` Psychological Bulletin. 91, 1, 3-26.
Bem, D.J. 1972. “Self-perception theory.” In L. Berkowitz(ed.). Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol. 6. New York: Academic Press, 1-62.
Bonner, S.E. 1994. ` A model of the effects of audit task complexity,` Accounting, Organizations and Society. 19, 213-234.
Bonner, S.E., R. Hastie, G.B. Sprinkle & S.M. Young. 2000. `A review of the effects of financial incentives on performance in laboratory task: implications for management accounting. Journal of Management Accounting Research. 13, 19-64.
Bonner, S.E. and G.B. Sprinkle. 2002. `The effects of monetary incentives on effort and task performance: theories, evidence, and a framework for research. Accounting, Organizations and Society. 27, 303-345.
Brown, B.R. 1968. `The Effects of Need to Maintain Face on Interpersonal Bargaining,` Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. Vol. 4, 107-22.
Bull, C., A. Schotter, and K. Weigelt. 1987. `Tournamants and piece rates: an experimental study,` Journal of Political Economy. 95, 1-33.
Campbell, D.J. 1988. `Task complexity: a review and analysis. Academy of Management Review. 13, 40-52.
Caplan,E.H. 1971. Management accounting and behavioral science. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company: Menlo Park, California.
Campbell, D.J. and D.R. Ilgen. 1976. `Additive effects of task difficulty and goal setting on subsequent task performance,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 61, 319-324.
Creyer, E.H., J.R. Bettman, J.W. Payne. 1990. `The impact of accuracy and effort feedback and goals on adaptive decision behavior,` Journal of Behavioral Decision Making. 3, 1-16.
Deci, E.L. 1971. `Effects of externally mediated rewards on intrinsic motivation,` Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 18, 105-115.
Deci,E.L. and R.M. Ryan. 1985. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. New York: Plenum.
Demski, J and G. Feltham. 1978. `Economic incentives in budgetary control systems,` The Accounting Review. 53, 336-359.
Dye, R.A. 1984. `The trouble with tournaments,` Economic Inquiry. 22, 147-149.
Dyer, L. and D.F. Parker. 1975. `Classifying outcomes in work motivation research: an examination of intrinsic-extrinsic dichtomy,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 60, 455-458.
Eisenberg, R. and J. Cameron. 1996. `Detrimental effects of reward: Reality or myth,` American Psychologist. 51, 1153-1166.
Erez, M. and R. Kanfer. 1983. `The role of goal acceptance in goal setting and task performance,` Academy of Management Review. 8, 454-463.
Gist, M.E., C. Schwoerer, and B. Rosen. 1989. `Effects of alternative training methods on self-efficacy and performance in computer software training,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 74, 6, 884-891.
Gist, M.E. and T.R. Mitchell. 1992. `Self-efficacy: a theoretical analysis of its determinants and malleability,` Academy of Management Review. 17, 183-211.
Goffman, E. 1959. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York; Doubleday.
Hogarth, R.M. 1993. ` Accounting for decisions and decisions for accounting,` Accounting, Organizations and Society. 18, 407-424.
Huber, V.L. 1985. `Comparison of financial reinforcers and goal setting as learning incentives,` Psychological Reports. 56, 223-235.
Jenkins,G.D.Jr. 1986. “Financial incentives.” In E.A. Locke(ed.). Generalizing from laboratory to field settings(pp.167-180). Lexington, MA: D.C. Herth and Company.
Jenkins, G.D.Jr., A. Mitra, N. Gupta, and J.D. Shaw. 1998. `Are financial incentives related to performance: A meta-analytic review of empirical research,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 83, 777-787.
Kanfer, R. and P.L. Ackerman. 1989. `Motivation and cognitive abilities: An integrative /aptitude treatment interaction approach to skill acquisition,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 74, 657-690.
Klein, H.J. 1989. `An integrated control theory model of work motivation,` Academy of Management Review. 14, 150-172.
Kohn, A. 1993. `Why incentive plans cannot work,` Harvard Business Review. 71, 54-63.
Kunz, A.H. and D. Pfaff. 2002. `Agency theory, performance evaluation, and the hypothetical construct of intrinsic motivation,` Accounting, Organizations and Society. 27, 275-295.
Latham, G. and E.A. Locke. 1991. `Self-regulation through goal-setting,` Organization Behavior and Human Decision Process. 50, 212-247.
Lepper, M.R., D. Greene, and R.E. Nisbett. 1973. `Undermining children`s intrinsic interest with extrinsic rewards: A test of the `overjustification` hypothesis,` Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 28, 129-137.
Locke, E.A., K. Shaw, L. Saari, G. Latham. 1981. `Goal setting and task performance: 1969-1980,` Psychological Bulletin. 90, 125-152.
Locke, E.A., E. Frederic, C. Lee, and P. Bobko. 1984. ` Effect of self-efficacy, goals , and task strategies on task performance,` Journal of Applied Psychology. 69, 241-251.
Locke, E.A. G.P. Latham, and Erez, M. 1988. `The determinants of goal commitment,` Academy of Management Review. 13, 23-39.
Locke, E.A. and G.P. Latham. 1990. A theory of goal setting and task performance. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
London,M. and G.R. Oldham. 1976. `Effects of varying goal types and incentive systems on performance and satisfaction,` Academy of Management Journal. 19, 537-546.
London, M. and G.R. Oldham. 1977. `A comparison of group and individual incentive plans,` Academy of Management Journal. 20, 34-41.
Mano,H. 1992. `Judgements under distress: Assessing the role of unpleasantness and arousal in judgement formation,` Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 52, 216-245.
Nisbett,R.E. and S. Valins. 1971. Perceiving the cause of one`s own behavior. Morristown, N.J.: General Learning Press.
Palmer,R.J. and R.B. Welker. 1994. `The Effect of an Anticipated Performance Evaluation on Willingness to Perform: The Intervention of Self-Presentational Motives,` Behavioral Research in Accounting, 6, 204-20.
Pelham,B.W. and E. Neter. 1995. `The effect of motivation of judgement depends on the difficulty of judgement,` Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 68, 581-594.
Riedel,J.A., D.M. Nebeker, and B.L.Cooper. 1988. `The influence of financial incentives on goal choice, goal commitment, and task performance,` Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 42, 155-180.
Rigby, C.S., E.L. Deci, B.C. Patrick, and R.M. Ryan. 1992. `Beyond the intrinsic-extrinsic dichotomy: self-determination in motivation and learning,` Motivation and Emotion. 16, 165-185.
Riley, J.G. 1979. `Information equilibrium,` Econometrica. 47, 331-360.
Sansone, C. and J. Harackiewicz. 2000. `Rewarding competence: the importance of goals in the study of intrinsic motivation.` In Sansone, C. and J. Harackiewicz(eds.). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: The search for optimal motivation and performance. (pp.82-103), San Diego: Academic Press.
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