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이동장벽의 구조에 관한 연구
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1) 산업조직론에서의 이동장벽의 개념
산업조직론에서의 ‘進入障壁’은 형성원인에 관한 것으로 Bain(1956)에 의해 처음으로 거론된 이후 많은 논자들에 의해 전략군의 개념을 설명하는 분석의 개념으로 사용되고 윤창호, 이규억, 산업조직론-경쟁정책과 구조조정의 경제학, 법문사, 1993, pp. 181-184있는데 그는 진입장벽은 특정 산업내의 기존기업이 산업에 참여하려는 기업에 대하여 갖는 우위를 의미하며 이의 원천으로 製品差別化, 費用의 絶對優位 및 規模의 經濟등을 지적하면서 이 세가지 요인이 독립적으로 또는 상승적으로 적용하여 진입장벽의 높이 즉 기존기업과 잠재적 진입기업간의 경쟁관계를 결정하여 주며 진입장벽에 의하여 기존기업이 갖게 되는 우위가 진입조건으로 나타난다고 Bain, J. S., The Barriers to New Competition, Harvard University Press, 1956, chapt. 6
하였다.
그는 製品差別化를 발생시키는 주 원인이 디자인이나 품질의 차이, 구조가 복잡한 내구소비재(특히 구매주기가 긴 재화)의 경우 재화의 본질적 성격 및 품질에 관한 소비자의 정보 부족, 판매자의 설득적인 판촉활동 및 顯示的 구매욕구의 충족 등을 들면서 기존기업에 의한 계속적인 광고에 따른 기존 브랜드와 기업 명성에 의한 구매자의 선호, 우월한 제품디자인 특허보호를 통한 독점적 지배, 유리한 유통경로의 소유 내지 지배 때문에 제품차별화가 진입장벽을 구축한다고 하였다.
참고문헌
參 考 文 獻
ⅰ. 國內文獻
강호상, 한국신발산업의 경쟁력분석과 국제화 전략, 국제무역경영원, 1990
권열호, 김봉근, 우리나라 신발산업의 현황과 구조조정의 방향, 산업연구 원, 1993
김영배, 이병헌, “산업 환경의 변화와 기업의 대응전략;우리나라 타일산업 1986-1990” 한국인사조직위원회 전략분과위원회, 제1회 전략분과 논문발표회, 1991
윤창호, 이규억, 산업조직론, 법문사, 1993
이한검, 경영조직론, 형설출판사, 1992
이한검, 경영학원론, 형설출판사, 1994
이한검, 경영정책전략론, 형설출판사, 1994
임정덕, 박재윤, 한국의 신발산업, 산업연구원, 1993
정갑영, 한국의 산업조직; 구조적 접근, 박영사, 1993
채서일, 김종범, 이성근, SPSS/PC+를 이용한 통계분석, 학현사, 1993
KEIT연구보고서, 21세기를 향한 한국 산업의 비전과 발전전략, 산업연구원, 1994
허문구, “전략군 연구의 이론적 고찰”, 경영학 연구, 제20권, 제1호 1990
허철부, 경영통계학, 형설출판사, 1986
ⅱ. 外國文獻
Aaker, D. A., Strategic Market Management, John Wiley ＆ Sons, 1991.
Ackoff, R., The Concept of Corporate Planning, Wiley, 1970
Adelman, M. A., `Comment of the `M` Concentration Measure as a Numbers Equivalent, ` Review of Economics and Statistics, 1969, pp. 269-296
Bain, j. s., The Barries to New Competition : Their Character and Consequences in Manufacturing Industries, Harvard University Press, 1956.
Barney, J., `Firm Resources and Sustauned Competitive Advantage, `Journal of Management, vol. 17, 1991, pp. 99-120.
Bass, F. M., P. Cattin and D. R. Wittink, `Firm Effects and Industrial Effects in the Analysis of Market Structure and Profitability, `Journal of Marketing Research, 1978, vol. 15, pp. 3-10.
Caves, R. E. and M. E. porter, `From Entry Barries to Mobility Barries ; Conjectual Decisions and Contrived Deterrence to New Competition, ` Quatrerly Journl of Economics, vol, 91, 1977, pp. 241-262.
Caves, R. E. , American Industry : Structure, Conduct, Performance, Prentice Hall, 1982.
Caves, R, E, . `Economic Analysis and the Quest for Competitive Advantage, `American Economic Review, vol. 74, 1984, pp. 127-132.
Carlton, D, W, and J. M. Perloff, Modern Industrial Organization, Harper Collins, 1994.
Chaffee, E. E., `Three Models of Strategy, ` Academy of Management Review, vol. 10. 1985, pp. 89-98.
Chandler, A., Strategy and Structure ; Chapters in the History of American Industrial Enterprise, MIT Press, 1962.
Clarkson, K. W. and R. L. Miller, Industrial Organization ; Theory, Evidence and Public Policy, McGraw Hill, 1982.
Cool, K., Strategic Group Formation and Strategic Group Shifts ; A Longitudinal Analysis of the U. S. Pharmaceutical Industry, 1963-1968, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Purdue University, 1985.
Cyert, R. and J. March, A Behavior Theory of the Firm, PrenticeHall, 1963
Dess, G. G. and A. Miller, Straregic Management, McGraw-Hill, 1993.
Davies, S., Lyons, B., Dixon, H., and Geroski, P., Economics of Industrial Organization, Longman, 1991.
Desarkar, C., Mobility Barriers, Advertising, and Intraindustry Behavior; An Empirical Investigation, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Southern Illinois University, 1990
Gale, B. T., `Market Share and the Rate of Return, `Review of Economics and Statistics, 1972, vol. 54, pp. 417-423
Greer, Douglas F., Industrial Organization and Publicy, Macmillan, 1992.
Hall, M and L. Weiss, `Firm size and Profitability, `The Review of Economics and Statistics, 1967, vol. 49, pp. 319-331
Hall, R. H., Organization ; Structure, Processes, and Outcomes, Prentice-Hall, 1991
Hunger, J, D. and T. L. Wheelen, Strategic Management, Addison-Wesley, 1993.
Hunt, M. S., Competition in the Major Home Appliance Industry, 1960-1970, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University, 1972
Lawrence, P. and J. Lorsch, Organization and Environment, Harvard Univ. Press, 1967.
March, J. and H. Simon, Organizations, Wiley, 1958.
Mason, E., `Price and Production Policies of Large Scale Enterpries, ` American Economic Review, vol. 29, 1989, pp. 61-74
Mascarenhas, B., `Strategic Group Dynamics, `Academy of Management Journal, vol.32, 1989, pp. 333-352
Mascarenhas, B and D. A. Aaker, `Mobility Barriers and Strategic Group, `Strategic Management Journal, vol. 10. 1989, pp. 475-485
Miles, R. E. and C. C. Snow, Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process, McGraw-Hill, 1978
Newman, H. H. Strategic Groups and the Structure-performance Relationship ; A Study with respect to the Chamical Process Industries, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University, 1973
Olusoga, S. A., Strategic Groups ; A Longitudinal Study of Relationships between Mobility Barriers, Marketing Mix Investment and Performance, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Arizona State University, 1989
Orr, D., `The Determinnants of Entry ; A Study of the Canadian Manufacturing Industries,` Review of Economics and Statistics, 1974. pp. 58-66
Orr, D., `An Index of Entry Barriers and its Application to the Market Structure Performance Relationship, ` Journal of Industrial Economics, vol23, 1976, pp. 39-49
Oster, S,. `Intraindustry Structure and the Ease of Strategic Change, `Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 64. 1982. pp. 376-384
Oster, S., Morden Competitive Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1990
Pearce, J. A. and R. B. Robinson, Competitive Strategy, Irwin, 1991
Porter, M. E., `Consumer Behavior, Retail Power and Market Performance in Consumer Goods Industries, ` Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 56, 1974, pp. 419-436
Porter, M, E., ` The Structure within Industries and Companies` Performance, ` Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 61, 1979, pp. 214-227
Porter, M. E., Competitive Strategy ; Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, Free Press, 1980.
Porter, M, E. and K. R. Harrigan, `End Game Strategies for Declining Industries, `Harvard Business Review, 1983
Porter, M, E., Competitive Advantage; Ctreating and Sustaining Superior Performance, Free Press, 1986
Robbins, S. P. , Organization Theory, Prentice-Hall, 1990
Rosenbaum, D. I., `Profit, entry and changes in concentration, `International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol. 11, 1193, pp. 185-203
Rumelt, R. P., `Toward a Strategic Theory of Firm`, in Lamb, R. B. (ed), Competitive Strategic Management, Prentice-Hall, 1984.
Ryans, A. B. and D. R. Wittink, `Security Returns as a Basis for Estimating the Competitive Structure in an Industry`, in H. Thomas and D. Garner (edc.), Strategic Marketing and Management, John Wiley ＆ Sons, 1985.
Scherer, F. M. and D. Ross, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, Houghton Mifflin, 1990.
Scott, W, R., Organizations ; Rational, natural, and Open System, Prentice-Hall, 1992
Shepherd, G. W., `The Element of Market Structure, `Review of Economics and Statistics, 1972, vol. 54, pp. 89-106
Stigler, G. J., The Organization of Industry, Homewood, Irwin, 1968.
Sudharshan, D., H. Thomas, and A. Fiegenbaum, ` Assessing Mobility Barriers in Dynamic Strategic Groups Analysis, ` Journal of Management Studies, vol. 28. 1991. pp. 429-438
Tirole, J., The Theory of Industrial Organization, MIT Press, 1989.
Yip, G, S., Barriers to Entry ; A Corporate Strategy Perspective, Lexington, 1982.
ⅰ. 國內文獻
강호상, 한국신발산업의 경쟁력분석과 국제화 전략, 국제무역경영원, 1990
권열호, 김봉근, 우리나라 신발산업의 현황과 구조조정의 방향, 산업연구 원, 1993
김영배, 이병헌, “산업 환경의 변화와 기업의 대응전략;우리나라 타일산업 1986-1990” 한국인사조직위원회 전략분과위원회, 제1회 전략분과 논문발표회, 1991
윤창호, 이규억, 산업조직론, 법문사, 1993
이한검, 경영조직론, 형설출판사, 1992
이한검, 경영학원론, 형설출판사, 1994
이한검, 경영정책전략론, 형설출판사, 1994
임정덕, 박재윤, 한국의 신발산업, 산업연구원, 1993
정갑영, 한국의 산업조직; 구조적 접근, 박영사, 1993
채서일, 김종범, 이성근, SPSS/PC+를 이용한 통계분석, 학현사, 1993
KEIT연구보고서, 21세기를 향한 한국 산업의 비전과 발전전략, 산업연구원, 1994
허문구, “전략군 연구의 이론적 고찰”, 경영학 연구, 제20권, 제1호 1990
허철부, 경영통계학, 형설출판사, 1986
ⅱ. 外國文獻
Aaker, D. A., Strategic Market Management, John Wiley ＆ Sons, 1991.
Ackoff, R., The Concept of Corporate Planning, Wiley, 1970
Adelman, M. A., `Comment of the `M` Concentration Measure as a Numbers Equivalent, ` Review of Economics and Statistics, 1969, pp. 269-296
Bain, j. s., The Barries to New Competition : Their Character and Consequences in Manufacturing Industries, Harvard University Press, 1956.
Barney, J., `Firm Resources and Sustauned Competitive Advantage, `Journal of Management, vol. 17, 1991, pp. 99-120.
Bass, F. M., P. Cattin and D. R. Wittink, `Firm Effects and Industrial Effects in the Analysis of Market Structure and Profitability, `Journal of Marketing Research, 1978, vol. 15, pp. 3-10.
Caves, R. E. and M. E. porter, `From Entry Barries to Mobility Barries ; Conjectual Decisions and Contrived Deterrence to New Competition, ` Quatrerly Journl of Economics, vol, 91, 1977, pp. 241-262.
Caves, R. E. , American Industry : Structure, Conduct, Performance, Prentice Hall, 1982.
Caves, R, E, . `Economic Analysis and the Quest for Competitive Advantage, `American Economic Review, vol. 74, 1984, pp. 127-132.
Carlton, D, W, and J. M. Perloff, Modern Industrial Organization, Harper Collins, 1994.
Chaffee, E. E., `Three Models of Strategy, ` Academy of Management Review, vol. 10. 1985, pp. 89-98.
Chandler, A., Strategy and Structure ; Chapters in the History of American Industrial Enterprise, MIT Press, 1962.
Clarkson, K. W. and R. L. Miller, Industrial Organization ; Theory, Evidence and Public Policy, McGraw Hill, 1982.
Cool, K., Strategic Group Formation and Strategic Group Shifts ; A Longitudinal Analysis of the U. S. Pharmaceutical Industry, 1963-1968, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Purdue University, 1985.
Cyert, R. and J. March, A Behavior Theory of the Firm, PrenticeHall, 1963
Dess, G. G. and A. Miller, Straregic Management, McGraw-Hill, 1993.
Davies, S., Lyons, B., Dixon, H., and Geroski, P., Economics of Industrial Organization, Longman, 1991.
Desarkar, C., Mobility Barriers, Advertising, and Intraindustry Behavior; An Empirical Investigation, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Southern Illinois University, 1990
Gale, B. T., `Market Share and the Rate of Return, `Review of Economics and Statistics, 1972, vol. 54, pp. 417-423
Greer, Douglas F., Industrial Organization and Publicy, Macmillan, 1992.
Hall, M and L. Weiss, `Firm size and Profitability, `The Review of Economics and Statistics, 1967, vol. 49, pp. 319-331
Hall, R. H., Organization ; Structure, Processes, and Outcomes, Prentice-Hall, 1991
Hunger, J, D. and T. L. Wheelen, Strategic Management, Addison-Wesley, 1993.
Hunt, M. S., Competition in the Major Home Appliance Industry, 1960-1970, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University, 1972
Lawrence, P. and J. Lorsch, Organization and Environment, Harvard Univ. Press, 1967.
March, J. and H. Simon, Organizations, Wiley, 1958.
Mason, E., `Price and Production Policies of Large Scale Enterpries, ` American Economic Review, vol. 29, 1989, pp. 61-74
Mascarenhas, B., `Strategic Group Dynamics, `Academy of Management Journal, vol.32, 1989, pp. 333-352
Mascarenhas, B and D. A. Aaker, `Mobility Barriers and Strategic Group, `Strategic Management Journal, vol. 10. 1989, pp. 475-485
Miles, R. E. and C. C. Snow, Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process, McGraw-Hill, 1978
Newman, H. H. Strategic Groups and the Structure-performance Relationship ; A Study with respect to the Chamical Process Industries, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University, 1973
Olusoga, S. A., Strategic Groups ; A Longitudinal Study of Relationships between Mobility Barriers, Marketing Mix Investment and Performance, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Arizona State University, 1989
Orr, D., `The Determinnants of Entry ; A Study of the Canadian Manufacturing Industries,` Review of Economics and Statistics, 1974. pp. 58-66
Orr, D., `An Index of Entry Barriers and its Application to the Market Structure Performance Relationship, ` Journal of Industrial Economics, vol23, 1976, pp. 39-49
Oster, S,. `Intraindustry Structure and the Ease of Strategic Change, `Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 64. 1982. pp. 376-384
Oster, S., Morden Competitive Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1990
Pearce, J. A. and R. B. Robinson, Competitive Strategy, Irwin, 1991
Porter, M. E., `Consumer Behavior, Retail Power and Market Performance in Consumer Goods Industries, ` Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 56, 1974, pp. 419-436
Porter, M, E., ` The Structure within Industries and Companies` Performance, ` Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 61, 1979, pp. 214-227
Porter, M. E., Competitive Strategy ; Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, Free Press, 1980.
Porter, M, E. and K. R. Harrigan, `End Game Strategies for Declining Industries, `Harvard Business Review, 1983
Porter, M, E., Competitive Advantage; Ctreating and Sustaining Superior Performance, Free Press, 1986
Robbins, S. P. , Organization Theory, Prentice-Hall, 1990
Rosenbaum, D. I., `Profit, entry and changes in concentration, `International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol. 11, 1193, pp. 185-203
Rumelt, R. P., `Toward a Strategic Theory of Firm`, in Lamb, R. B. (ed), Competitive Strategic Management, Prentice-Hall, 1984.
Ryans, A. B. and D. R. Wittink, `Security Returns as a Basis for Estimating the Competitive Structure in an Industry`, in H. Thomas and D. Garner (edc.), Strategic Marketing and Management, John Wiley ＆ Sons, 1985.
Scherer, F. M. and D. Ross, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, Houghton Mifflin, 1990.
Scott, W, R., Organizations ; Rational, natural, and Open System, Prentice-Hall, 1992
Shepherd, G. W., `The Element of Market Structure, `Review of Economics and Statistics, 1972, vol. 54, pp. 89-106
Stigler, G. J., The Organization of Industry, Homewood, Irwin, 1968.
Sudharshan, D., H. Thomas, and A. Fiegenbaum, ` Assessing Mobility Barriers in Dynamic Strategic Groups Analysis, ` Journal of Management Studies, vol. 28. 1991. pp. 429-438
Tirole, J., The Theory of Industrial Organization, MIT Press, 1989.
Yip, G, S., Barriers to Entry ; A Corporate Strategy Perspective, Lexington, 1982.
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