플라톤과 데미우르고스: 세계 설명과 세계 제작

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Plato and demiurge: explanation and constitution of the world


This article aims at identifying the demiurge who constructs the world in Plato`s Timaeus. My thesis is as follows: the demiurge is a metaphor for Timaeus who explains the world and the changes in it; Timaeus is a mouthpiece of Plato, the author of the “Timaeus”, who stands for human reason; That the demiurge constructs the world in the ontological level, could mean, therefore, that the human reason reconstructs the world via logos in the epistemological level: the world is made in the theory (logos). It means that the explanation of the becoming of the world in the “Timaeus” is a cosmology rather than a cosmogony.
In order to support this thesis, the similarities between the roles and activities of demiurge and Timaeus are suggested: (1) the demiurge and Timaeus both are poiêtês. The demiurge is a poiêtês who makes the world in the ontological level (ergô), whereas Timaeus is a poiêtês who makes the world in the epistemological level (logô). This can justify that the demiurge is a metaphor for Timaues, for the explanation and its object are relatives (syngenês) which means `same` in the “Timaeus”. There are many other similarities which show that the demiurge is a metaphor for Timaeus. Futhermore, the fact that Plato does not, in fact, distinguish between the god and the gods in the “Timaeus” can indirectly imply that the demiurge, the god, is a metaphor for Timaues, the human reason.