The Lungs & their function

1. Obstructive diseases (Status ashmaticus, COPD) characterized : 1) obstrction to airflow through airways, 2) prolonged expiration, 3) gas trapping --> Hyperinflation --> ↑ The FRC & the TLC (TLC= total lung capacity, the maximum achiavable end-inspiratory lung volume) 2. Restrictive diseases ex : chest wall abnormalities (e.g., scoliosis) N-M problems (e.g., Phrenic n. injury) Parenchymal diseases (e.g., interstitial lung disease, Pulmonary edema) pleural effusions, Pneumothorax, extrathoracic problems(e.g., ↑ intraabd. Pr) --> ↓ FRC, TLC * 대개의 FRC 측정 방법은 Invasive하여 사용할수 없고 Plethymograp로 FRC의 변화를 비슷하게 측정할 수 있다. Mechanics of Ventilation Ventilation : Repetitive creation of pr. gradients between ambient(mouth) & alveolar pr. --> overcome flow resistance in airways --> gas movement in & out of the Lungs. end expiration : alveoli pr = Atmospheric pr. --> gas flow does not occur 1) during Inspiration : inspiratory m. expand the thoracic cavity -->↑ the volume of …
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