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세계화의 배경과 경쟁
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세계화의 배경과 경쟁_122877.hwp
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세계화의 배경과 경쟁_122877.hwp
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자료설명
1) 초첨단 정보통신기술의 발달과 세계화
세계화가 확대되어 나가고 있는 것은 전자정보통신기술이 혁신되고 있는 데 그 이유를 찾아볼 수 있다....
세계화가 확대되어 나가고 있는 것은 전자정보통신기술이 혁신되고 있는 데 그 이유를 찾아볼 수 있다....
본문/내용
1) 초첨단 정보통신기술의 발달과 세계화
세계화가 확대되어 나가고 있는 것은 전자정보통신기술이 혁신되고 있는 데 그 이유를 찾아볼 수 있다. 그것은 정보통신기술이 상품·서비스·자본의 이동비용을 대폭적으로 절감시키고 리스크를 극소화시킴으로써 이것들의 세계적 이동을 촉진시키기 때문이다.
정보통신기술은 상품·서비스·자본의 이동비용을 대폭적으로 감소시키고 있는 것이 사실이다. 최근에 전자정보초고속도로(Electronic Information Super Highway)가 개설되고 인터넷과 EDI(Electronic Data Interchange)가 구축됨에 따라 상품 등의 이동비용이 현저히 절약되고 있다. 종래 국제적 거래에 필요하던 전화나 팩스(FAX)는 전자우편(E-Mail)으로 바뀌었고 상품의 카탈로그는 CD-ROM으로 대체되었다. 국제거래의 가격, 지불방법 및 기간, 거래조건 등은 인터넷 홈페이지(Internet Homepage)나 기타 전자매체를 통해 저장되고 있다. 그리고 대금결제와 자본이동은 전자결재를 통해 신속하게 이루어지고 있다(Dadd, 1998).
한편 정보통신기술은 세계적 경제거래에 따른 리스크를 극소화시키고 있는 것도 사실이다. 세계적 전자정보통신망을 비롯해 각국 각 산업분야의 정보통신망이 구축됨에 따라 산업, 재정, 금융, 주식, 물가, 환율, 국제수지, 외화보유고, 대외채무 등이 전면적으로 명확하게 노출되어 세계적 거래에 수반되는 리스크가 대폭 감소되고 있다.
이와 같이 전자정보통신기술이 발달함에 따라 상품과 서비스는 세계 도처로 자유롭게 이동되게 되었다. 그리고 자본은 세계 모든 자본시장에 광속으로 들어갔다가 초광속으로 빠져나가기도 한다. 이것은 전자정보통신기술의 발달이 각국 경제의 세계화를 촉진시키고 있다는 사실을 의미한다.
참고문헌
참 고 문 헌
Aaker, D.(1989). Managing Assets and Skills: The Key to a Sustainable Competitive Advantage. California Management Review: 91106.
Bank of England.(1982). Measures of Competitiveness. Bank of England Quarterly. 369-37 5.
Borrmann, W. A.(1986). Strategic Resource Management: Securing International Competitio n through Competitive Resources. European Approaches to International Management: 275283.
Boynton, A. C.(1993). New Competitive Strategies: Challenges to Organizations and Inform ation Technology. IBM Systems Journal 32(1): 40-64.
Business Aspects of the Uruguay Round Agreements. International Trade Forum(2): 2-9.
Chase, Nancy(1998). Going Global. Quality 37(3): 32-36.
Clegg, J.(1987). Multinational Enterprise and World Competition: A Comparative Study of U. S. A., Japan, the U. K., Swede, and West Germany. New York: St. Martin`s Press.
Dadd, C. M.(1998). The Outlook for the Telecommunications Industry and the Implications for the Economy and for Business. Business Economics 33(1): 14-17.
Daniel D. E. Rounds(1995). The Mexican Peso Crisis. http://psirus.sfsu.edu/IntRel/IRJournal /su96/Rounds.html.
Day, G. S. and Robin W.(1998). Assesssing Advantage: A Framework for Diagnosing Com petitive Superiority. Journal of Marketing(52): 1-20.
Dean, J.(1998). Why Left-wing Moralists and Right-wing Academics are Wrong about Asi a. Challenge 41(2): 44-60.
Deng, Ping(1998). Impact of GATT Uruguay Round on Various Industries. American Busi ness Review 16(2): 22-29.
Duffey, J.(1988). Competitiveness and Human Resources. California Management Review: 6 0-72.
Elizabeth Martinez and Arnoldo Garcia. What is `Neo-Liberalism`?. http://www.corpwatch. org/trac/corner/glob/neolib.html.
Falconer, C.(1996). Globalization, Trade and Competition. OECD Observer(201): 6-9.
Garcia, D. L.(1995). Networking and the Rise of Electronic Commerce: The Challenge for Public Policy. Business Economics 30(4): 7-14.
Gaughan, Laura(1998). WTO Agreement opens Access to World Markets. Canadian Banke r 105(1): 6-7.
Grant, R.(1991). The Resource-based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for St rategy Formulation. California Management Review: 114-135.
Gareen, C.(1995). Globalization, Borderless Worlds, and the Tower of Babel: Metaphors go ne away. Journal of Organizational Change Management 8(4): 55-68.
Gruber, W. Mehta, D. and Vernon, R.(1967). The R & D Factor in International Trade a nd International Investment of United States. Journal of Political Economy 25(1): 20-3 7.
Hayter, R.(1998). Reflections on China`s open Policy towards Foreign Direct Investment. R egional Studies 32(1): 1-16.
Heckscher, E. F.(1919). The Effect of Foreign Trade on the Distribution of Income. Ekono mik Tidskrift 11: 1-32 ; Ohlin, B.(1933). Interregional and International Trade. Cambridg e: Harvard University Press.
Hilke, J. C. and Philip, B. N.(1988). U. S. International Competitiveness: Evolution or Revol ution. New York: Praeger.
Hofstede, G.(1980). Culture`s Consequences: International Differences in Work-related Valu es, Beverly Hills, California: Sage.
Hufbauer G. C.(1965). Synthetic Materials and the Theory of International Trade. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd.
Kalinova, B.(1998). Trade Liberalization in the Transition Economies. OECD Observer (21 1): 15-19.
Keesing, D. B.(1967). The Impact of Research and Development on United States Trade. Journal of Political Economy 25(1): 38-48.
Kennedy, P.(1987). The Rise and Fall of Great Powers. New York: Random House.
Kildegard, A.(1997). Foreign Finance and the Collapse of the Mexican Peso. Journal of Ec onomic Issues 31(4): 951-967.
Knoedler, Janet T(1997). Veblen and Technical Efficiency. Journal of Economic Issues 31 (4): 1011-1026.
Koechlin, T.(1995). The Globalization of Investment. Contemporary Economic Policy 13(1): 92-100.
Kogut, B.(1985). Designing Global Strategies: Comparative and Competitive Value-added C hains. Sloan Management Review: 15-28.
Lin, J. Y.(1996). The Lessons of China`s Transition to a Market Economy. Cato Journal 1 6(2): 201-231.
Mahoney, J. T. and Pandian, J. R.(1992). The Resource-based View within the Conversatio n of Strategic Management. Strategic Management Journal(13): 363-380.
Martin R.(1993). States or Markets?-Neo-liberalism and the Development Policy Debate. F inance and Development 3(1): 47.
Mintzberg, H.(1991). The Effective Organization: Forces and Forms. Sloan Management Review: 54-67.
Neo-Liberalism and Globalization. http://www.spunk.org/text/places/peru/sp001701.html.
Peters, T.(1988). Restoring American Competitiveness : Looking for new Models of Organi zations. The Academy of Management Executive 2(2): 103-109.
Pitcher, G.(1998). Killing Debt is not a Panacea for Curing Third World poverty. Marketin g Week 21(11): 23.
Porter, M. E. and Millar, V. F.(1985). How Information gives you Competitive Advantage. Harvard Business Review 63(4): 149-160.
Posner, M. V.(1961). International Trade and Technical Change. Oxford Economic Papers.
Prahalad, C. K. and Doz, Y. L.(1987). The Multinational Mission, New York: The Free Pre ss.
Prime, P. B.(1997). China`s Foreign Trade and Investment Strategies: Implications for the Business Environment. Business Economics 32(4): 29-35.
Ravallion, M.(1993). States or Markets? Neo-liberalism and the Development Policy Debat e. Finance & Development 30(1): 47.
Reed, P. C.(1997). Process Compliance and Implementation Issues in WTO Dispute Settlem ent. American Society of International Law Proceedings of Annual Meeting: 277-288.
Roche, D.(1998). Russia: The Next Domino 161(11): 180.
Rumelt, R.(1984). Towards a Strategy Theory of Firm, Competitive Strategic Management. R. L., ed., New Jersey: Prentice Hall: 557-570.
Rysbekov, M.(1995). Privatization in Kazakhstan. Comparative Economic Studies 37(3): 1- 10.
Scitovsky, T.(1958). Economic Theory and Western European Integration. London: 30-32.
Scott, B. R.(1984). National Strategy for Stronger U. S. Competitiveness. Harvard Busines s Review. 77-91.
Siegmund, J. E.(1998). Services in the WTO: Recent Developments and Overview. Busines s America 119(4): 12-14.
Starr, M. K. and Ullmann, J. E.(1988). The Myth of Industrial Supremacy, Global Competit iveness. Martin K. S., ed., New York: W. W. Norton & Company: 43-71.
The Chinese Culture Connection.(1987). Chinese Values and the Search for Culture-free Di mension of Culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 18(2): 143-164.
Tyson, L. D.(1988). Competitiveness: An Analysis of the Problem and Perspective on Futu re Policy, Global Competitiveness. Martin K. S., ed., New York: W. W. Norton & Comp any: 95-120.
Uruguay Round(1996). The General Agreement on Trade in Services. International Trade Forum(3): 20-25.
Vernon, R.(1966). International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle. Q uarterly Journal of Economics 80: 190-207.
Waheeduzzaman, A. N. M.(1996). Definition, Perspectives, and Understanding of Internation al Competitiveness: A quest for a common ground. Competitiveness Review 6(2): 7-26.
Well, L. T.(1968) A Product Life Cycle for International Trade?. Journal of Marketing 32:1 -6.
Wernerfelt, B.(1984). A Resource-based View of the Firm. Strategic Management Journal 6: 171-180.
Wriston, Walter B(1993). Clintonomics, the Information Revolution, and the New Global Ma rket Economy. Executive Speeches 7(6): 8-14.
WTO Drive to Open Up Financial Services(1998). East European Business Law (98-Ⅰ): 2.
Aaker, D.(1989). Managing Assets and Skills: The Key to a Sustainable Competitive Advantage. California Management Review: 91106.
Bank of England.(1982). Measures of Competitiveness. Bank of England Quarterly. 369-37 5.
Borrmann, W. A.(1986). Strategic Resource Management: Securing International Competitio n through Competitive Resources. European Approaches to International Management: 275283.
Boynton, A. C.(1993). New Competitive Strategies: Challenges to Organizations and Inform ation Technology. IBM Systems Journal 32(1): 40-64.
Business Aspects of the Uruguay Round Agreements. International Trade Forum(2): 2-9.
Chase, Nancy(1998). Going Global. Quality 37(3): 32-36.
Clegg, J.(1987). Multinational Enterprise and World Competition: A Comparative Study of U. S. A., Japan, the U. K., Swede, and West Germany. New York: St. Martin`s Press.
Dadd, C. M.(1998). The Outlook for the Telecommunications Industry and the Implications for the Economy and for Business. Business Economics 33(1): 14-17.
Daniel D. E. Rounds(1995). The Mexican Peso Crisis. http://psirus.sfsu.edu/IntRel/IRJournal /su96/Rounds.html.
Day, G. S. and Robin W.(1998). Assesssing Advantage: A Framework for Diagnosing Com petitive Superiority. Journal of Marketing(52): 1-20.
Dean, J.(1998). Why Left-wing Moralists and Right-wing Academics are Wrong about Asi a. Challenge 41(2): 44-60.
Deng, Ping(1998). Impact of GATT Uruguay Round on Various Industries. American Busi ness Review 16(2): 22-29.
Duffey, J.(1988). Competitiveness and Human Resources. California Management Review: 6 0-72.
Elizabeth Martinez and Arnoldo Garcia. What is `Neo-Liberalism`?. http://www.corpwatch. org/trac/corner/glob/neolib.html.
Falconer, C.(1996). Globalization, Trade and Competition. OECD Observer(201): 6-9.
Garcia, D. L.(1995). Networking and the Rise of Electronic Commerce: The Challenge for Public Policy. Business Economics 30(4): 7-14.
Gaughan, Laura(1998). WTO Agreement opens Access to World Markets. Canadian Banke r 105(1): 6-7.
Grant, R.(1991). The Resource-based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for St rategy Formulation. California Management Review: 114-135.
Gareen, C.(1995). Globalization, Borderless Worlds, and the Tower of Babel: Metaphors go ne away. Journal of Organizational Change Management 8(4): 55-68.
Gruber, W. Mehta, D. and Vernon, R.(1967). The R & D Factor in International Trade a nd International Investment of United States. Journal of Political Economy 25(1): 20-3 7.
Hayter, R.(1998). Reflections on China`s open Policy towards Foreign Direct Investment. R egional Studies 32(1): 1-16.
Heckscher, E. F.(1919). The Effect of Foreign Trade on the Distribution of Income. Ekono mik Tidskrift 11: 1-32 ; Ohlin, B.(1933). Interregional and International Trade. Cambridg e: Harvard University Press.
Hilke, J. C. and Philip, B. N.(1988). U. S. International Competitiveness: Evolution or Revol ution. New York: Praeger.
Hofstede, G.(1980). Culture`s Consequences: International Differences in Work-related Valu es, Beverly Hills, California: Sage.
Hufbauer G. C.(1965). Synthetic Materials and the Theory of International Trade. London: Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd.
Kalinova, B.(1998). Trade Liberalization in the Transition Economies. OECD Observer (21 1): 15-19.
Keesing, D. B.(1967). The Impact of Research and Development on United States Trade. Journal of Political Economy 25(1): 38-48.
Kennedy, P.(1987). The Rise and Fall of Great Powers. New York: Random House.
Kildegard, A.(1997). Foreign Finance and the Collapse of the Mexican Peso. Journal of Ec onomic Issues 31(4): 951-967.
Knoedler, Janet T(1997). Veblen and Technical Efficiency. Journal of Economic Issues 31 (4): 1011-1026.
Koechlin, T.(1995). The Globalization of Investment. Contemporary Economic Policy 13(1): 92-100.
Kogut, B.(1985). Designing Global Strategies: Comparative and Competitive Value-added C hains. Sloan Management Review: 15-28.
Lin, J. Y.(1996). The Lessons of China`s Transition to a Market Economy. Cato Journal 1 6(2): 201-231.
Mahoney, J. T. and Pandian, J. R.(1992). The Resource-based View within the Conversatio n of Strategic Management. Strategic Management Journal(13): 363-380.
Martin R.(1993). States or Markets?-Neo-liberalism and the Development Policy Debate. F inance and Development 3(1): 47.
Mintzberg, H.(1991). The Effective Organization: Forces and Forms. Sloan Management Review: 54-67.
Neo-Liberalism and Globalization. http://www.spunk.org/text/places/peru/sp001701.html.
Peters, T.(1988). Restoring American Competitiveness : Looking for new Models of Organi zations. The Academy of Management Executive 2(2): 103-109.
Pitcher, G.(1998). Killing Debt is not a Panacea for Curing Third World poverty. Marketin g Week 21(11): 23.
Porter, M. E. and Millar, V. F.(1985). How Information gives you Competitive Advantage. Harvard Business Review 63(4): 149-160.
Posner, M. V.(1961). International Trade and Technical Change. Oxford Economic Papers.
Prahalad, C. K. and Doz, Y. L.(1987). The Multinational Mission, New York: The Free Pre ss.
Prime, P. B.(1997). China`s Foreign Trade and Investment Strategies: Implications for the Business Environment. Business Economics 32(4): 29-35.
Ravallion, M.(1993). States or Markets? Neo-liberalism and the Development Policy Debat e. Finance & Development 30(1): 47.
Reed, P. C.(1997). Process Compliance and Implementation Issues in WTO Dispute Settlem ent. American Society of International Law Proceedings of Annual Meeting: 277-288.
Roche, D.(1998). Russia: The Next Domino 161(11): 180.
Rumelt, R.(1984). Towards a Strategy Theory of Firm, Competitive Strategic Management. R. L., ed., New Jersey: Prentice Hall: 557-570.
Rysbekov, M.(1995). Privatization in Kazakhstan. Comparative Economic Studies 37(3): 1- 10.
Scitovsky, T.(1958). Economic Theory and Western European Integration. London: 30-32.
Scott, B. R.(1984). National Strategy for Stronger U. S. Competitiveness. Harvard Busines s Review. 77-91.
Siegmund, J. E.(1998). Services in the WTO: Recent Developments and Overview. Busines s America 119(4): 12-14.
Starr, M. K. and Ullmann, J. E.(1988). The Myth of Industrial Supremacy, Global Competit iveness. Martin K. S., ed., New York: W. W. Norton & Company: 43-71.
The Chinese Culture Connection.(1987). Chinese Values and the Search for Culture-free Di mension of Culture. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 18(2): 143-164.
Tyson, L. D.(1988). Competitiveness: An Analysis of the Problem and Perspective on Futu re Policy, Global Competitiveness. Martin K. S., ed., New York: W. W. Norton & Comp any: 95-120.
Uruguay Round(1996). The General Agreement on Trade in Services. International Trade Forum(3): 20-25.
Vernon, R.(1966). International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle. Q uarterly Journal of Economics 80: 190-207.
Waheeduzzaman, A. N. M.(1996). Definition, Perspectives, and Understanding of Internation al Competitiveness: A quest for a common ground. Competitiveness Review 6(2): 7-26.
Well, L. T.(1968) A Product Life Cycle for International Trade?. Journal of Marketing 32:1 -6.
Wernerfelt, B.(1984). A Resource-based View of the Firm. Strategic Management Journal 6: 171-180.
Wriston, Walter B(1993). Clintonomics, the Information Revolution, and the New Global Ma rket Economy. Executive Speeches 7(6): 8-14.
WTO Drive to Open Up Financial Services(1998). East European Business Law (98-Ⅰ): 2.
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