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영국 신자유주의 경제정책에 대하여
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영국 신자유주의 경제정책에 대하여.hwp
[Size :
106 Kbyte
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자료설명
민영화와 함께 국가의 경제개입을 축소하고 시장의 작동의 강화를 통해 경제적 효율성을 상승시킨다는 명목하에서 이른바 탈규제(deregulation...
본문/내용
민영화와 함께 국가의 경제개입을 축소하고 시장의 작동의 강화를 통해 경제적 효율성을 상승시킨다는 명목하에서 이른바 탈규제(deregulation) 정책들이 대처정부하에서 도입된다.
가장 특징적인 규제완화는 바로 금융부문이었는데, 우선 79년 대처정부는 환율통제 등 외환과 관련된 관리규정을 완전히 철폐하고 국제적 자본이동을 자유화시킨다. 이에 따라 영국의 금융기관들은 전세계의 금융자산을 자유롭게 매매할 수 있게 되어 영국으로부터의 방대한 자본유출이 허용되었고 동시에 영국으로 유입되는 해외자본도 급증하였다. 동시에 이러한 규제완화는 국내금융시장에 대한 국제금융시장의 경쟁적 압력을 강화시켜 이른바 ‘빅뱅’으로 불리우는 금융부문의 대대적인 자유화로 이어지게 된다. 1986년 10월 발표된 이 금융부문의 자유화는 영국 금융시장의 세계적인 지위와 금융부문의 경쟁력을 강화시킨다는 명목에서 시행되었는데, 증권유통에서 브로커와 증권거래소 중개자의 구분을 철폐하여 금융부문의 경쟁을 강화시키고 시장거래를 증대하기 위해 최저위탁수수료를 폐지하는 등의 내용을 담고 있었다. 이에 따라 금융부문에서는 거래소의 회원권 개방, 주식매매의 무인화, 중개업자의 재편 등 자유화가 계속적으로 진행되었다. 또한 금융서비스법의 개정으로 인해 비은행 금융기관들의 금융서비스 제공이 확대되었고, 은행과 각종 금융기관 사이의 금융시장 내의 경쟁은 더욱 격화된다. 이러한 조치 이후 국내주식의 거래액은 급증하였고 또한 소비자와 주택매매와 관련된 신용도 크게 증대하였으며 제조업투자가 정체하는 반면 금융부문에 관련된 투자는 크게 증대되었다.
또한 대처정부는 산업구조 전반을 더욱 경쟁적으로 만들기 위해 거대한 공기업에 의해 장악되어 있던 통신, 운송, 전력 등의 산업에서 민영화와 함께 대대적인 경쟁촉진정책을 채택한다. 80년의 경쟁법은 개인기업의 반경쟁적 행위를 관리하고 독점에 대한 통제를 공공부문과 국유산업으로 확대할 것을 규정하였으며 이후 각 산업에서 경쟁의 확대조치들이 도입되었던 것이다.
참고문헌
김기덕. 1996. 영국의 소득분배 변화에 관한 연구. 동향과 전망. 31.
김대환. 1993. 민영화 논리의 비판적 검토 : 시장·규제 및 소유권과 관련하여. 사회비평 10.
______. 1994. 민영화와 규제 : 영국의 민영화기업 규제제도. 한국경제연구원.
김수행. 1995. 영국 신보수주의의 경제적 귀결. 이론 13.
라종일. 1990. 영국의 신우익. 신보수우익론 예진.
이강국. 1996. 민영화정책에 대한 비판적 연구 : 영국 대처정부의 정책경험이 주는 시사점. 서울대학교 경제학과 석사학위 논문.
박광준. 1993. 신보수주의와 한국사회의 정책지향. 경제와 사회 18.
현외성 외. 1992. 복지국가의 위기와 신보수주의적 재편: 영국, 미국, 일본의 사회복지개혁. 대학출판사.
川上忠雄, 增田壽男 編. 1989. 新保守主義の經濟社會政策. 法政大學校出版局.
山本哲三. 1992. 市場か政府か, 日本經濟評論社.
高田所男. 1990. 대처 혁명.
資本主義にやける 國家的 規制と 私的 經濟活動 相互關係の 進化 I. II. III. 日譯 世界經濟の 國際關係 77, 78, 79
80`にやける 資本主義 經濟 規制. 日譯 世界經濟の 國際關係 83
國家的 規制にやける 變化と國家の經濟役割. 日譯 世界經濟の 國際關係 85
Armstrong, P., Glyn, A. and Harrison, J. et al., 1991. Capitalism since 1945. Basil Blackwell.
Armstrong, M., Cowan S., and Vickers. J. 1994. Regulatory Reform: Economic Analysis and British Experience. MIT Press.
Bean, C and Crafts, N. 1994. British economic growth since 1945: relative economic decline...and renaissance? in Economics Growth in Europe since 1945.
Beesley, M. E. 1992. Privatization, Regulation and Deregulation, Routledge.
Bishop, M. and Kay, J. 1988. Does Privatization Work? Center for Business Strategy, London Business School.
______. 1989. Privatization in the United Kingdom : Lessons from Experience. World Development v. 17.
______. and Mayer, C. eds., 1994. Privatization and Economic Performance. Oxford University Press.
Bishop, M. Thompson, D. 1994. Privatization in the UK --- Deregulation and Public enterprise performance in Privatization - A global perspective.
BT. 1993. British Telecommunications public limited company Offer for Sale.
Caves, D. W. and Christensen, L. R. 1980. The Relative Efficiency of Public and Private Firms in a Competitive Environment. Journal of Political Economy v. 88.
Boardman, A. E. and Vining, A. R. 1989. Ownership and Performance in Competitive Environments : A Comparison of the Performance of Private, Mixed and State-owned Enterprises. Journal of Law & Economics v. 32.
Clarke, S. 1988. Keynesianism, Monetarism and the Crisis of the State. Edward Elgar.
Clarke, T. and Pitelis, C. ed. 1993. The Political Economy of Privatization. Routledge
Crafts, N. ed., 1994. Economic Growth in Europe since 1945.
Curwen, P. 1994. Privatization in the UK --- The Facts and Figures. Ernst & Young.
Dobek, M. Mark. 1993. The Political Logic of Privatization -- lessons from great britaim and poland. Praeger.
Domberger, S. anb Piggot, J. 1986. Privatization Policies and Public Enterprise A Survey. Economic Record v. 62.
Fine, B., and Harris L. 1985. The Peculiarities of the British Economy. Lawrence and Wishart.
Galal, A. et al., 1994. Welfare Consequences of Selling Public Enterprises : An Empirical Analysis. Oxford University Press.
Gamble, A. 1988. The Free Economy and the Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism. Macmillan.
Glyn, A. and Harrison, J. 1980. The British Economic Disaster. Pluto Press.
Gottdiener, M. and Kominos, N. eds., 1989. Capitalist Development and Crisis Theory. St. Msartin`s Press.
Gough, I. 1991. The United Kingdom. in Can the Welfare State Compete? : A Comparative Study of Five Advanced Capitalist Countries.
Hall, P. A. 1986. Governing the Economy: the Politics of State Intervention in Britain and France. Cambridge.
Hall, S. 1985. Authoritarian Populism: A Reply to Jessop et al. New Left Review 151.
HMSO. 1993. Her Majesty`s Treasuy Guide to the UK Privatization Programme.
Jackson, P. M. and Price, C. M. eds., Privatisation and regulation: A review of the issues. Longman.
Jessop, B. 1988. Thatcherism: A Tale of Two Nations. Polity Press.
______. 1989. Conservative Regime and the Transition to Post-Fordism: The Cases of Great Britain and West Germany in Capitalist Development and Crisis Theory.
______. 1993. Toward a Schumpeterian Workfare State? Preliminary Remarks on Post-Fordist Political Economy. Study in Political Economy. 40.
______. 1995. Toward a Schempeterian workfare regime in Britain? Environment and Planning A. v. 27.
______., Bonnett, K., Broomly, S. and Ling, T. 1984. Authoritarian Populism. Two Nations and Thatcherism. New Left Review. 147.
______. et al. eds., 1991. The Politics of Flexibility: Restructuring State and Industry in Britain, Germany and Scandinavia. Edward Elgar.
Johnson, N. 1990. Restructuring Welfare State, Harvester.
Leys, C. 1986. The Formation of Britisch Capital. New Left Review. 160.
Majone, G. ed. 1990. Deregulation or Re-regulation?: Regulatory Reform in Europe and the United States. Pinter Publishers.
Marchak, M. P. 1991. The Integrated Circus : the new rights and restructuring of global markets. MacGill-Queen`s University Press.
Marglin, S. A. and Schor, J. B. 1990. The Golden Age of Capitalism. Clarendon Press.
Marsh, D. 1991. Privatization under Mrs. Thatcher. Public Administration v.69.
Martin, B. 1993. In the Public Interest ? -- privatization and public sector reform. Zed Books
OECD. 1987. Economic Surveys: U.K.
OECD. 1989. Economies in Tranisition: Strucutal Adjustment in OECD Countries.
OECD. 1992. Regulatory Reform, Privatization and Competition Policy.
OECD. 1993. Economic Surveys: U.K.
OECD. 1996. Economic Surveys: U.K.
OFFER. 1995. OFFER : Market Competition.
______. 1995. OFFER : Consumer Matters.
OFTEL. 1991. Competition and Choice :Telecommunications Policy for the 1990s.
Ott, A. F. and Hartely, K. 1992. Privatization and Efficiency. Macmillan.
Overbeek, H. 1990. Global Capitalism and National Decline --- the thatcher decade in perspective. Unwin Hyman.
______. 1991. Restructuring Hegemony in the Global Political Economy --- the rise of transnational neo-liberalism in the 80`s. Routledge.
Parker, D and Hartley, K. 1991. Status Change and Performance : Economic Policy and Evidence” in Privatization and Economic Efficiency
Peck, J. and Jones, M. 1995. Traning and Enterprise Councils: Schumpeterian workfare state, or what? Environment and Planning A. v. 27.
______. and Tickel. 1995. Social Regulation after post-fordism. Economy and Society. v. 24. no. 3.
Pfaller, A. and Gough, I. and Therborn, G. 1991. Can the Welfare State Compete? : A Comparative Study of Five Advanced Capitalist Countries. Macmillan.
Polany, K. 1957. The Great Transformation --- The Politcal and Economic Origins of Our Time. Beacon Press.
Brunoff, S. D. 1978. The State, Capital and Economic Policy. Pluto
Ramanadham, V. ed. 1994. Privatization : A global perspective. Routledge
Riddel, P. 1989. The Thatcher Decade: How Britain Has Changed During the 1980s. Basil Blackwell.
Senders, P and Hemms, C. 1994, Privatization and Popular Capitalism. Open University Press
Thompson, G. 1986. Conservative`s Economic Policy. Croomhelm.
______. 1990. The Political Economy of the New Right. Pinter Publishers.
Vickers, J. and Yarrow, G. 1985. Privatization and the Natural Monopolies. Public Policy Center
______. 1988. Privatisation : an economic analysis. MIT Press.
______. 1991. Economic Perspectives on Privatization. Journal of Economic Perspectives v. 5. No. 2. Spring.
Whitfield, D. 1992. The Welfare State : Privatization, Deregulation, Commercialization of Public Services, Alternative Strategies for 1990s. Pluto.
Yarrow, G. 1986. Privatization in theory and Practice. Economic Policy v. 2.
Young, P. 1994. Privatization in Britain -- relevant international experience.
김대환. 1993. 민영화 논리의 비판적 검토 : 시장·규제 및 소유권과 관련하여. 사회비평 10.
______. 1994. 민영화와 규제 : 영국의 민영화기업 규제제도. 한국경제연구원.
김수행. 1995. 영국 신보수주의의 경제적 귀결. 이론 13.
라종일. 1990. 영국의 신우익. 신보수우익론 예진.
이강국. 1996. 민영화정책에 대한 비판적 연구 : 영국 대처정부의 정책경험이 주는 시사점. 서울대학교 경제학과 석사학위 논문.
박광준. 1993. 신보수주의와 한국사회의 정책지향. 경제와 사회 18.
현외성 외. 1992. 복지국가의 위기와 신보수주의적 재편: 영국, 미국, 일본의 사회복지개혁. 대학출판사.
川上忠雄, 增田壽男 編. 1989. 新保守主義の經濟社會政策. 法政大學校出版局.
山本哲三. 1992. 市場か政府か, 日本經濟評論社.
高田所男. 1990. 대처 혁명.
資本主義にやける 國家的 規制と 私的 經濟活動 相互關係の 進化 I. II. III. 日譯 世界經濟の 國際關係 77, 78, 79
80`にやける 資本主義 經濟 規制. 日譯 世界經濟の 國際關係 83
國家的 規制にやける 變化と國家の經濟役割. 日譯 世界經濟の 國際關係 85
Armstrong, P., Glyn, A. and Harrison, J. et al., 1991. Capitalism since 1945. Basil Blackwell.
Armstrong, M., Cowan S., and Vickers. J. 1994. Regulatory Reform: Economic Analysis and British Experience. MIT Press.
Bean, C and Crafts, N. 1994. British economic growth since 1945: relative economic decline...and renaissance? in Economics Growth in Europe since 1945.
Beesley, M. E. 1992. Privatization, Regulation and Deregulation, Routledge.
Bishop, M. and Kay, J. 1988. Does Privatization Work? Center for Business Strategy, London Business School.
______. 1989. Privatization in the United Kingdom : Lessons from Experience. World Development v. 17.
______. and Mayer, C. eds., 1994. Privatization and Economic Performance. Oxford University Press.
Bishop, M. Thompson, D. 1994. Privatization in the UK --- Deregulation and Public enterprise performance in Privatization - A global perspective.
BT. 1993. British Telecommunications public limited company Offer for Sale.
Caves, D. W. and Christensen, L. R. 1980. The Relative Efficiency of Public and Private Firms in a Competitive Environment. Journal of Political Economy v. 88.
Boardman, A. E. and Vining, A. R. 1989. Ownership and Performance in Competitive Environments : A Comparison of the Performance of Private, Mixed and State-owned Enterprises. Journal of Law & Economics v. 32.
Clarke, S. 1988. Keynesianism, Monetarism and the Crisis of the State. Edward Elgar.
Clarke, T. and Pitelis, C. ed. 1993. The Political Economy of Privatization. Routledge
Crafts, N. ed., 1994. Economic Growth in Europe since 1945.
Curwen, P. 1994. Privatization in the UK --- The Facts and Figures. Ernst & Young.
Dobek, M. Mark. 1993. The Political Logic of Privatization -- lessons from great britaim and poland. Praeger.
Domberger, S. anb Piggot, J. 1986. Privatization Policies and Public Enterprise A Survey. Economic Record v. 62.
Fine, B., and Harris L. 1985. The Peculiarities of the British Economy. Lawrence and Wishart.
Galal, A. et al., 1994. Welfare Consequences of Selling Public Enterprises : An Empirical Analysis. Oxford University Press.
Gamble, A. 1988. The Free Economy and the Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism. Macmillan.
Glyn, A. and Harrison, J. 1980. The British Economic Disaster. Pluto Press.
Gottdiener, M. and Kominos, N. eds., 1989. Capitalist Development and Crisis Theory. St. Msartin`s Press.
Gough, I. 1991. The United Kingdom. in Can the Welfare State Compete? : A Comparative Study of Five Advanced Capitalist Countries.
Hall, P. A. 1986. Governing the Economy: the Politics of State Intervention in Britain and France. Cambridge.
Hall, S. 1985. Authoritarian Populism: A Reply to Jessop et al. New Left Review 151.
HMSO. 1993. Her Majesty`s Treasuy Guide to the UK Privatization Programme.
Jackson, P. M. and Price, C. M. eds., Privatisation and regulation: A review of the issues. Longman.
Jessop, B. 1988. Thatcherism: A Tale of Two Nations. Polity Press.
______. 1989. Conservative Regime and the Transition to Post-Fordism: The Cases of Great Britain and West Germany in Capitalist Development and Crisis Theory.
______. 1993. Toward a Schumpeterian Workfare State? Preliminary Remarks on Post-Fordist Political Economy. Study in Political Economy. 40.
______. 1995. Toward a Schempeterian workfare regime in Britain? Environment and Planning A. v. 27.
______., Bonnett, K., Broomly, S. and Ling, T. 1984. Authoritarian Populism. Two Nations and Thatcherism. New Left Review. 147.
______. et al. eds., 1991. The Politics of Flexibility: Restructuring State and Industry in Britain, Germany and Scandinavia. Edward Elgar.
Johnson, N. 1990. Restructuring Welfare State, Harvester.
Leys, C. 1986. The Formation of Britisch Capital. New Left Review. 160.
Majone, G. ed. 1990. Deregulation or Re-regulation?: Regulatory Reform in Europe and the United States. Pinter Publishers.
Marchak, M. P. 1991. The Integrated Circus : the new rights and restructuring of global markets. MacGill-Queen`s University Press.
Marglin, S. A. and Schor, J. B. 1990. The Golden Age of Capitalism. Clarendon Press.
Marsh, D. 1991. Privatization under Mrs. Thatcher. Public Administration v.69.
Martin, B. 1993. In the Public Interest ? -- privatization and public sector reform. Zed Books
OECD. 1987. Economic Surveys: U.K.
OECD. 1989. Economies in Tranisition: Strucutal Adjustment in OECD Countries.
OECD. 1992. Regulatory Reform, Privatization and Competition Policy.
OECD. 1993. Economic Surveys: U.K.
OECD. 1996. Economic Surveys: U.K.
OFFER. 1995. OFFER : Market Competition.
______. 1995. OFFER : Consumer Matters.
OFTEL. 1991. Competition and Choice :Telecommunications Policy for the 1990s.
Ott, A. F. and Hartely, K. 1992. Privatization and Efficiency. Macmillan.
Overbeek, H. 1990. Global Capitalism and National Decline --- the thatcher decade in perspective. Unwin Hyman.
______. 1991. Restructuring Hegemony in the Global Political Economy --- the rise of transnational neo-liberalism in the 80`s. Routledge.
Parker, D and Hartley, K. 1991. Status Change and Performance : Economic Policy and Evidence” in Privatization and Economic Efficiency
Peck, J. and Jones, M. 1995. Traning and Enterprise Councils: Schumpeterian workfare state, or what? Environment and Planning A. v. 27.
______. and Tickel. 1995. Social Regulation after post-fordism. Economy and Society. v. 24. no. 3.
Pfaller, A. and Gough, I. and Therborn, G. 1991. Can the Welfare State Compete? : A Comparative Study of Five Advanced Capitalist Countries. Macmillan.
Polany, K. 1957. The Great Transformation --- The Politcal and Economic Origins of Our Time. Beacon Press.
Brunoff, S. D. 1978. The State, Capital and Economic Policy. Pluto
Ramanadham, V. ed. 1994. Privatization : A global perspective. Routledge
Riddel, P. 1989. The Thatcher Decade: How Britain Has Changed During the 1980s. Basil Blackwell.
Senders, P and Hemms, C. 1994, Privatization and Popular Capitalism. Open University Press
Thompson, G. 1986. Conservative`s Economic Policy. Croomhelm.
______. 1990. The Political Economy of the New Right. Pinter Publishers.
Vickers, J. and Yarrow, G. 1985. Privatization and the Natural Monopolies. Public Policy Center
______. 1988. Privatisation : an economic analysis. MIT Press.
______. 1991. Economic Perspectives on Privatization. Journal of Economic Perspectives v. 5. No. 2. Spring.
Whitfield, D. 1992. The Welfare State : Privatization, Deregulation, Commercialization of Public Services, Alternative Strategies for 1990s. Pluto.
Yarrow, G. 1986. Privatization in theory and Practice. Economic Policy v. 2.
Young, P. 1994. Privatization in Britain -- relevant international experience.
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