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스튜어트 홀의 문화연구이데올로기와 재현의 정치
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스튜어트 홀의 문화연구이데올로기와 재현의 정치.hwp
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스튜어트 홀의 문화연구이데올로기와 재현의 정치.hwp
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자료설명
스튜어트 홀의 문화연구는 1950년대 후반부터 등장하여 영국 문화연구의 새로운 지평을 열었던 호가트(Hoggart)의 ꡔ교양의 효용...
본문/내용
스튜어트 홀의 문화연구는 1950년대 후반부터 등장하여 영국 문화연구의 새로운 지평을 열었던 호가트(Hoggart)의 ꡔ교양의 효용ꡕ(1958), 윌리엄스(Williams)의 ꡔ문화와 사회ꡕ(1961), ꡔ장구한 혁명ꡕ(1965) 그리고 톰슨(Thompson)의 ꡔ영국 노동계급의 형성ꡕ(1968) 등 문화주의의 영향을 받으며 출발했다. 문화주의는 문화에 대한 기존의 인식과 연구방법 그리고 경제결정론적인 마르크스주의와의 단절을 시도하면서, 초기 홀의 문제틀을 형성했다.
호가트는 리비스주의의 고급문화/대중문화의 이분법적 틀을 거부하고 생생한 노동계급문화를 하나의 ‘텍스트’로 해독했다. 이를 통해 그는 한편으로 리비스주의가 폄하한 노동계급문화에서 공동체적이며 자생적인 측면을 부각시켰으며, 다른 한편으로 프랑크푸르트 학파의 문화산업론이 강조한 노동계급의 수동적 문화수용이 아닌 능동적 문화생산을 조명했다. 그는 노동계급의 문화적 자생성이 상업화된 대량문화의 저속화를 벗어나게 할 수 있을 것으로 기대하면서 문화주의의 길을 열었다.
윌리엄스는 문화를 인간의 절대적 가치나 문서화된 기록들로 한정하는 리비스주의 전통을 넘어서서 하나의 ‘총체적인 삶의 방식’으로 인류학적 정의를 함으로써 문화주의적 분석의 지평을 확대했다. 그는 문화연구를 “삶의 방식 전체에 내재한 요소들의 관계에 대한 연구”(1965: 63)라고 정의하고, 특정한 집단이나 계급사회가 공유하는 가치들의 짜임새인 감성의 구조(structure of feeling)를 시나 건축물, 패션에 이르기까지 다양한 자료들을 통해 재구성하는 것이라 했다. 그래서 특정한 시기에 모든 실천과 상호작용들 사이에서 만들어지는 유형들이 어떻게 체험되고 경험되는가를 파악하고자 했다.
참고문헌
임영호. 1996a, ｢스튜어트 홀의 문화이론과 그 함의｣, 임영호 편역, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____ 편역. 1996b, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
Althusser, Louis. 1971, “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatus,” in Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays, New York: Monthly Review Press.
Chen, Kuan-Hsing. 1996, “The Formation of a Diasporic Intellectual: an Interview with Stuart Hall,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen (ed.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge.
Clarke, John, Stuart Hall, Tony Jefferson and Brian Roberts. 1976, “Subculture, Cultures and Class,” in S. Hall & Tony Jefferson(eds.), Resistance through Rituals: youth subculture in post-war Britain, London: Hutchinson, 박명진 외 편역, ꡔ문화, 일상, 대중ꡕ, 한나래.
Fiske, John. 1996, “Opening the Hallway: Some Remarks on the Fertility of Stuart Hall’s Contribution to Critical Theory,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen(eds.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge.
Grossberg, Lawrence. 1996a, “History, Politics and Postmodernism: Stuart Hall and Cultural Studies,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen (eds.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge.
_____. 1996b, “On Postmodernism and Articulation: An Interview with Stuart Hall,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen (ed.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
Hoggart, Richard. 1958, The Uses of Literacy. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Hall, Stuart. 1972, “The Determination of News Photographs,” Working Papers in CulturalStudies, no.3, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1973a, “The ‘Structured Communication’ of Events,” in Obstacles to Communication Symposium, Paris: UNESCO.
_____. 1973b, “Deviancy, Politics and the Media,” in M. McIntosh & P. Rock(eds.), Deviancy and Social Control, London: Travistock.
_____. 1974, “Media Power: The Double Blind,” Journal of Communication, vol. 24, no.4, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1979, “Culture, the Media and the ‘Ideological Effect’,” in James Curran et al.(eds.), Mass Communication and Society, Berverly Hills: Sage.
_____. 1980a, “Cultural Studies and the Centre: Some Problematics and Problems,” in S. Hall et al.(eds.), Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies, 1972-1979, London: Hutchinson/CCCS, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1980b, “Cultural Studies: Two Paradigms,” Media, Culture and Society, no.2, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1980c, “Encoding/Decoding,“ in S. Hall et al.(eds.), Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies, 1972-1979, London: Hutchinson/CCCS, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1981, “Notes on Deconstructing ‘the popular’,” in Raphael Samuel (ed.), People’s History and Socialist Theory, London: RKP.
_____. 1982, “The Rediscovery of ‘Ideology’: Return of the Repressed in Media Studies,” in Michael Gurevitch et al.(eds.), Culture, Society and the Media, London: Methuen, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1983, “The Problem of Ideology: Marxism without Guarantees,” in Betty Matthews(ed.), Marx: A Hundred Years On, London: Lawarence & Wishart, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1985, “Signification, Representation, Ideology: Althusser and the Post-StructuralistDebates,” Critical Studies in Mass Communication, vol.2, no.2, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1986, “Gramsci’s Relevance for the Study of Race and Ethnicity,” Journal of Communication Inquiry, vol.10, no.2.
_____. 1988. The Hard Road to Renewal: Thatcherism and the Crisis of the Left, London: Verso.
_____. 1992a. “Cultural Studies and Its Theoretical Legacies,” in Lawrence Grossberg et al.(eds.), Cultural Studies, London: Routeldge.
_____. 1992b. “The Question of Cultural Identity,” in Stuart Hall et al. (eds.), Modernityand Its Futures, Cambridge: Polity Press.
_____. 1996, “The Meaning of New Times,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen(eds.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge.
_____. 1997a. “The Local and the Global: Globalization and Ethnicity,” in Anthony King(ed.), Culture, Globalization and the World-System, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
_____. 1997b. “Old and New Identities, Old and New Ethnicities,” in Anthony King(ed.), Culture, Globalization and the World-System, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Hall, Stuart, Chas Critcher, Tony Jefferson, John Clarke and Brian Roberts. 1978, Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State and Law and Order, London: Macmillan.
Hall, Stuart & Paddy Whannel. 1964, The Popular Arts, London: Hutchinson.
Johnson, Richard. 1979, “Histories of Culture/Theories of Ideology,” in Michele Barett et al.(eds.), Ideology and Culture Production, London: Croom Helm.
Levi-Strauss, Claude. 1963, Structural Anthropology, vol.1, New York: Basic Books.
Marx, Karl. 1989, The German Ideology, New York: International Publishers.
Thompson, E. P. 1968, The Making of the English Working Class. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Williams, Raymond. 1961, Culture and Society, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
_____. 1965, Long Revolution, Middlesex: Pelican.
_____ 편역. 1996b, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
Althusser, Louis. 1971, “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatus,” in Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays, New York: Monthly Review Press.
Chen, Kuan-Hsing. 1996, “The Formation of a Diasporic Intellectual: an Interview with Stuart Hall,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen (ed.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge.
Clarke, John, Stuart Hall, Tony Jefferson and Brian Roberts. 1976, “Subculture, Cultures and Class,” in S. Hall & Tony Jefferson(eds.), Resistance through Rituals: youth subculture in post-war Britain, London: Hutchinson, 박명진 외 편역, ꡔ문화, 일상, 대중ꡕ, 한나래.
Fiske, John. 1996, “Opening the Hallway: Some Remarks on the Fertility of Stuart Hall’s Contribution to Critical Theory,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen(eds.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge.
Grossberg, Lawrence. 1996a, “History, Politics and Postmodernism: Stuart Hall and Cultural Studies,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen (eds.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge.
_____. 1996b, “On Postmodernism and Articulation: An Interview with Stuart Hall,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen (ed.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
Hoggart, Richard. 1958, The Uses of Literacy. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Hall, Stuart. 1972, “The Determination of News Photographs,” Working Papers in CulturalStudies, no.3, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1973a, “The ‘Structured Communication’ of Events,” in Obstacles to Communication Symposium, Paris: UNESCO.
_____. 1973b, “Deviancy, Politics and the Media,” in M. McIntosh & P. Rock(eds.), Deviancy and Social Control, London: Travistock.
_____. 1974, “Media Power: The Double Blind,” Journal of Communication, vol. 24, no.4, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1979, “Culture, the Media and the ‘Ideological Effect’,” in James Curran et al.(eds.), Mass Communication and Society, Berverly Hills: Sage.
_____. 1980a, “Cultural Studies and the Centre: Some Problematics and Problems,” in S. Hall et al.(eds.), Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies, 1972-1979, London: Hutchinson/CCCS, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1980b, “Cultural Studies: Two Paradigms,” Media, Culture and Society, no.2, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1980c, “Encoding/Decoding,“ in S. Hall et al.(eds.), Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies, 1972-1979, London: Hutchinson/CCCS, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1981, “Notes on Deconstructing ‘the popular’,” in Raphael Samuel (ed.), People’s History and Socialist Theory, London: RKP.
_____. 1982, “The Rediscovery of ‘Ideology’: Return of the Repressed in Media Studies,” in Michael Gurevitch et al.(eds.), Culture, Society and the Media, London: Methuen, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1983, “The Problem of Ideology: Marxism without Guarantees,” in Betty Matthews(ed.), Marx: A Hundred Years On, London: Lawarence & Wishart, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트 홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1985, “Signification, Representation, Ideology: Althusser and the Post-StructuralistDebates,” Critical Studies in Mass Communication, vol.2, no.2, 임영호 편역, 1996, ꡔ스튜어트홀의 문화이론ꡕ, 한나래.
_____. 1986, “Gramsci’s Relevance for the Study of Race and Ethnicity,” Journal of Communication Inquiry, vol.10, no.2.
_____. 1988. The Hard Road to Renewal: Thatcherism and the Crisis of the Left, London: Verso.
_____. 1992a. “Cultural Studies and Its Theoretical Legacies,” in Lawrence Grossberg et al.(eds.), Cultural Studies, London: Routeldge.
_____. 1992b. “The Question of Cultural Identity,” in Stuart Hall et al. (eds.), Modernityand Its Futures, Cambridge: Polity Press.
_____. 1996, “The Meaning of New Times,” in David Morley & Kuan-Hsing Chen(eds.), Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, London: Routledge.
_____. 1997a. “The Local and the Global: Globalization and Ethnicity,” in Anthony King(ed.), Culture, Globalization and the World-System, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
_____. 1997b. “Old and New Identities, Old and New Ethnicities,” in Anthony King(ed.), Culture, Globalization and the World-System, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Hall, Stuart, Chas Critcher, Tony Jefferson, John Clarke and Brian Roberts. 1978, Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State and Law and Order, London: Macmillan.
Hall, Stuart & Paddy Whannel. 1964, The Popular Arts, London: Hutchinson.
Johnson, Richard. 1979, “Histories of Culture/Theories of Ideology,” in Michele Barett et al.(eds.), Ideology and Culture Production, London: Croom Helm.
Levi-Strauss, Claude. 1963, Structural Anthropology, vol.1, New York: Basic Books.
Marx, Karl. 1989, The German Ideology, New York: International Publishers.
Thompson, E. P. 1968, The Making of the English Working Class. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Williams, Raymond. 1961, Culture and Society, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
_____. 1965, Long Revolution, Middlesex: Pelican.
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