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인류진화사 모델에 나타나는 여성의 모습
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인류진화사 모델에 나타나는 여성의 모습.hwp
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인류진화사 모델에 나타나는 여성의 모습.hwp
[Size :
61 Kbyte
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자료설명
1970년대에 진화사에서의 여성의 역할에 대한 재고가 시작되고 1980년대에 이르러 주요 연구주제로 등장한 것은 영장류 행동학에서의 여성학자들의...
본문/내용
1970년대에 진화사에서의 여성의 역할에 대한 재고가 시작되고 1980년대에 이르러 주요 연구주제로 등장한 것은 영장류 행동학에서의 여성학자들의 활약과 무관하지 않다. 1960년대부터 이 분야에서 활발한 연구 활동을 하는 여성학자들이 생겨났고 특히 1970년대 이후에는 대학과 대학원 과정에서 여성주의의 세례를 받은 여성학자들이 대거 참여하였다(영장류행동학에서의 여성학자들이 미친 영향 일반에 대한 논의는 Fedigan 1994, 1997; Fedigan & Fedigan 1989 등 참조). 이들은 남성학자들의 연구결과에서 암컷이 왜곡되어 있음을 비판하여 수컷 우위와 수컷 위계서열의 보편성 그리고 서열 획득 기제로서의 공격적 상호작용의 제일차적 중요성, 수컷 서열과 생식성공의 직접적 관계, 집단을 방어하는 수컷 등 기존의 남성중심적 시각을 바로잡는 데 기여하였다(Fedigan 1983; Rowell 1966, 1972, 1974; Smuts 1983a, 1983b, 1985; Strum 1982 1983a 1983b 1987). 동시에 이들은 암컷을 중심 연구주제로 채택하여 암컷-암컷 관계, 암컷의 짝선택, 암컷-암컷 경쟁에 대한 자료를 수집하여 집단에서의 암컷연대와 모계연망의 중요성, 암컷의 성적 적극성, 암컷의 지역환경에 대한 지식, 암컷의 인지능력, 생식성공을 위한 암컷의 경쟁 등을 밝혀 냄으로써 진화사에서의 여성의 역할을 이해하는데 유용한 동물모델을 개발했다(Altmann 1980; Fedigan 1982; Hrdy 1981; Lancaster 1975, 1976, 1978; Small 1984; Smuts 1992).
참고문헌
박순영 (1998 근간 예정) 인류진화사에 있어서 부(父)의 양육투자 증대가 일어난 맥락에 대한 한 추론. 한국인류학의 성과와 전망: 이광규교수 정년기념논총, 집문당
Altmann J (1974) Observational study of behavior: sampling methods. Behaviour 49:227-267.
Altmann J (1980) Baboon Mothers and Infants. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bateman AJ (1948) Intra-sexual selection in Dorsophila. Heredity 2:349-368.
Bently GR (1985) Hunter-gatherer energetics and fertility: a reassessment of the !Kung San. Human Ecology 13(1):79-101.
Beynon AD & Dean MC (1988) Distinct dental development patterns in early fossil hominids. Nature 335:509-514.
Binford LR (1981) Bones: Ancient Men and Modern Myths. New York: Academic Press.
Blumenschine RJ (1986) Carcass consumption sequences and the archaeological distinction of scavenging and hunting. Journal of human evolution 15:639-659.
Bowler P (1986) Theories of Human Evolution: A Century of Debate 1844-1944. Oxford: Blackwell.
Bromage TG & Dean MC (1985) Re-evaluation of the age at death of plio-pleistocene fossil hominids. Nature 317:525-528.
Bunn HT (1981) Archaeological evidence for meat-eating by plio-pleistocene hominids from Koobi-Fora and Olduvai gorge. Nature 291:574-577.
Claassen C (ed.) (1992) Exploring Gender through Archaeology, Monographs in World Archaeology No. 11. Madison, Wisconsin: Prehistory Press.
Clutton-Brock TH & Harvey PH (1977) Primate ecology and social organization. Journal of Zoology 183:1-39.
Clutton-Brock TH & Harvey PH (1978) Mammals, resources and reproductive strategies. Nature 273:191-195.
Conkey MW, Spector JD (1984) Archaeology and the study of gender in Schiffer MB (ed.) Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, vol. 7. New York: Academic Press, pp. 1-38
Conkey MW (1997) Mobilizing ideologies: paleolithic `art,` gender trouble, and thinking about alternatives. In Hager LD (ed.) Women in Human Evolution. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 172-207.
Dahlberg F (1981) Woman the Gatherer. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Darwin C (1859) The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. London: John Murray. Avenel Edition. New York: Crown (1979).
Darwin C (1871) The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. London: John Murray.
Princeton University Press Edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press (1981).
Draper P (1975) !Kung women: contrasts in sexual egalitarianism in the foraging and sedentary contexts. In Reiter RR (ed.) Toward an Anthropology of Women. New York: Monthly Review Press.
Estioko-Griffin A (1985) Women hunters: the implications for pleistocene prehistory and contemporary ethnography. In Goodman (ed.) Women in Asia and the Pacific. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp.61-81.
Eskioto_Griffin A, Griffin PB (1981) Women the hunter: the Agta. In Dahlberg F (ed.) Woman the Gatherer. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp.121-151.
Fedigan LM (1982) Primate Paradigms: Sex Roles and Social Bonds. Montreal: Eden Press.
Fedigan LM (1983) Dominance and reproductive success in primates. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 26:91-129.
Fedigan LM (1986) The changing role of women in in models of human evolution. Annual Review of Anthropology 15:25-66.
Fedigan LM (1994) Science and successful female: why there are so many women primatologists. American Anthropologists 96:529-40.
Fedigan LM (1997) Is primatology a feminist science? In Hager LD (ed.) Women in Human Evolution. London and New York: Routledge. pp.56-75.
Fedigan LM, Fedigan L (1989) Gender and the study of primates. In Morgen S (ed.) Gender and Anthropology: Critical Reviews for Research and Teaching. Washington DC: American Anthropological Association. pp. 41-64.
Foley RA & Lee PC (1989) Finite social space, evolutionary pathways and reconstructing hominid behavior. Science 243:901-906.
Foley RA (1992a) Studying human evolution by analogy in Jones S, Martin R, Pilbeam D eds. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution pp. 335-345. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Foley RA (1992b) Evolutionary Ecology of Fossil Hominids. In Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior (ed. EA Smith & B Winterhalder). New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
Gero J, Conkey MW (eds.) (1991) Engendering Archaeology: Women and Prehistory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Gifford-Gonzalez D (1993) You can hide but you can`t run: representations of women`s working illustrations of paleolithic life. Visual Anthropology Review 9(1):3-21.
Hamilton WD (1964) The genetical evolution of social behaviour I, II. J. Theor. Biol. 7:1-52.
Harvey PH, Martin RD, & Clutton-Brock TH (1987) Life histories in comparative perspective. In Primate Societies (ed. BB Smuts, DL Cheney, RM Seyfarth, RW Wrangham and TT Struhsaker). Chicago: Chicago Univ. Press.
Hill K (1982) Hunting and human evolution. Journal of Human Evolution 11:521-544.
Howell N (1979) Demography of the Dobe !Kung. New York: Academic Press.
Hrdy SB (1981) The Woman That Never Evolved. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Hrdy SB (1984) Introduction to section II. Female reproductive strategies. In Small MF (ed.) Female Primates Studied by Women Primatologists. New York: Alan R. Liss. pp.103-109.
Hrdy SB & Whitten PL (1987) Patterning of sexual activity. In Primate Societies (ed. BB Smuts, DL Cheney, RM Seyfarth, RW Wrangham and TT Struhsaker). Chicago: Chicago Univ. Press.
Hrdy SB, Williams G (1983) Behavioral biology and the double stand
Altmann J (1974) Observational study of behavior: sampling methods. Behaviour 49:227-267.
Altmann J (1980) Baboon Mothers and Infants. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bateman AJ (1948) Intra-sexual selection in Dorsophila. Heredity 2:349-368.
Bently GR (1985) Hunter-gatherer energetics and fertility: a reassessment of the !Kung San. Human Ecology 13(1):79-101.
Beynon AD & Dean MC (1988) Distinct dental development patterns in early fossil hominids. Nature 335:509-514.
Binford LR (1981) Bones: Ancient Men and Modern Myths. New York: Academic Press.
Blumenschine RJ (1986) Carcass consumption sequences and the archaeological distinction of scavenging and hunting. Journal of human evolution 15:639-659.
Bowler P (1986) Theories of Human Evolution: A Century of Debate 1844-1944. Oxford: Blackwell.
Bromage TG & Dean MC (1985) Re-evaluation of the age at death of plio-pleistocene fossil hominids. Nature 317:525-528.
Bunn HT (1981) Archaeological evidence for meat-eating by plio-pleistocene hominids from Koobi-Fora and Olduvai gorge. Nature 291:574-577.
Claassen C (ed.) (1992) Exploring Gender through Archaeology, Monographs in World Archaeology No. 11. Madison, Wisconsin: Prehistory Press.
Clutton-Brock TH & Harvey PH (1977) Primate ecology and social organization. Journal of Zoology 183:1-39.
Clutton-Brock TH & Harvey PH (1978) Mammals, resources and reproductive strategies. Nature 273:191-195.
Conkey MW, Spector JD (1984) Archaeology and the study of gender in Schiffer MB (ed.) Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, vol. 7. New York: Academic Press, pp. 1-38
Conkey MW (1997) Mobilizing ideologies: paleolithic `art,` gender trouble, and thinking about alternatives. In Hager LD (ed.) Women in Human Evolution. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 172-207.
Dahlberg F (1981) Woman the Gatherer. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Darwin C (1859) The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. London: John Murray. Avenel Edition. New York: Crown (1979).
Darwin C (1871) The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. London: John Murray.
Princeton University Press Edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press (1981).
Draper P (1975) !Kung women: contrasts in sexual egalitarianism in the foraging and sedentary contexts. In Reiter RR (ed.) Toward an Anthropology of Women. New York: Monthly Review Press.
Estioko-Griffin A (1985) Women hunters: the implications for pleistocene prehistory and contemporary ethnography. In Goodman (ed.) Women in Asia and the Pacific. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp.61-81.
Eskioto_Griffin A, Griffin PB (1981) Women the hunter: the Agta. In Dahlberg F (ed.) Woman the Gatherer. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp.121-151.
Fedigan LM (1982) Primate Paradigms: Sex Roles and Social Bonds. Montreal: Eden Press.
Fedigan LM (1983) Dominance and reproductive success in primates. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 26:91-129.
Fedigan LM (1986) The changing role of women in in models of human evolution. Annual Review of Anthropology 15:25-66.
Fedigan LM (1994) Science and successful female: why there are so many women primatologists. American Anthropologists 96:529-40.
Fedigan LM (1997) Is primatology a feminist science? In Hager LD (ed.) Women in Human Evolution. London and New York: Routledge. pp.56-75.
Fedigan LM, Fedigan L (1989) Gender and the study of primates. In Morgen S (ed.) Gender and Anthropology: Critical Reviews for Research and Teaching. Washington DC: American Anthropological Association. pp. 41-64.
Foley RA & Lee PC (1989) Finite social space, evolutionary pathways and reconstructing hominid behavior. Science 243:901-906.
Foley RA (1992a) Studying human evolution by analogy in Jones S, Martin R, Pilbeam D eds. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution pp. 335-345. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Foley RA (1992b) Evolutionary Ecology of Fossil Hominids. In Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior (ed. EA Smith & B Winterhalder). New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
Gero J, Conkey MW (eds.) (1991) Engendering Archaeology: Women and Prehistory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Gifford-Gonzalez D (1993) You can hide but you can`t run: representations of women`s working illustrations of paleolithic life. Visual Anthropology Review 9(1):3-21.
Hamilton WD (1964) The genetical evolution of social behaviour I, II. J. Theor. Biol. 7:1-52.
Harvey PH, Martin RD, & Clutton-Brock TH (1987) Life histories in comparative perspective. In Primate Societies (ed. BB Smuts, DL Cheney, RM Seyfarth, RW Wrangham and TT Struhsaker). Chicago: Chicago Univ. Press.
Hill K (1982) Hunting and human evolution. Journal of Human Evolution 11:521-544.
Howell N (1979) Demography of the Dobe !Kung. New York: Academic Press.
Hrdy SB (1981) The Woman That Never Evolved. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Hrdy SB (1984) Introduction to section II. Female reproductive strategies. In Small MF (ed.) Female Primates Studied by Women Primatologists. New York: Alan R. Liss. pp.103-109.
Hrdy SB & Whitten PL (1987) Patterning of sexual activity. In Primate Societies (ed. BB Smuts, DL Cheney, RM Seyfarth, RW Wrangham and TT Struhsaker). Chicago: Chicago Univ. Press.
Hrdy SB, Williams G (1983) Behavioral biology and the double stand
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