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´Â Á¤Ã¥¹®Á¦¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Áý´ÜµéÀÌ Á¤ºÎÀÇ Á¤Ã¥°áÁ¤°úÁ¤¿¡ Âü¿©Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. µÑ°, ±¸¼º¿ø°£ÀÇ °ü°è¿¡¼ Á¤Ã¥°øµ¿Ã¼´Â Á¤Ã¥³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º¿øµéÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÌ°í ¾ÈÁ¤Àû °ü°è¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î °øÀ¯µÈ °¡Ä¡, À̳ä, Á¤Ã¥¼±È£¸¦ °¡Áö°í ºñ±³Àû ÀϰüµÈ Á¤Ã¥°á°ú¸¦ »êÃâÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌµé ³»¿¡¼´Â Á¤Ã¥ÀÇÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇÕÀǰ¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù(Mash & Smith, 2000: 6). À̽´³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼´Â ÀÌµé ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º¿ø°£ÀÇ ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÑ °ü°è¸¦ ±âÃÊ·Î Çϰí Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ °¡Ä¡, ÀÌ³ä ±×¸®°í Á¤Ã¥¼±È£¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °øÀ¯µÈ ÇÕÀÇÀÇ Á¸À纸´Ù´Â °¥µîÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¼Â°, Á¤Ã¥°øµ¿Ã¼°¡ Á¶Á÷³»ÀÇ °è¼Àû Áú¼¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÚ¿øÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î Ÿ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º¿ø°£ÀÇ Çù»óÀû °ü°è¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù. À̽´³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼´Â ÀÚ¿øÀÇ ¹èºÐÀÌ Á¶Á÷°£¿¡ Â÷À̸¦ º¸À̰í ÀÖ°í, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀû ÀÚ¿øÀÇ ¹èºÐÀº Á¤Ã¥³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ ¿î¿µ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ Çù·ÂÀû °ü°èº¸´Ù´Â ¼³µæ°ú °Á¦¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Á¤Ã¥»êÃâÀ» °¡Á®¿À°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î Á¤Ã¥»êÃâ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ Á¤Ã¥°øµ¿Ã¼´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º¿øµé °£ÀÇ ±Ç·Â±ÕÇü¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÑ ºñ¿µÇÕÀû °ÔÀÓ(non zero-sum game)¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÑ´Ù. À̽´³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±¸¼º¿øµé °£ÀÇ ±Ç·ÂÀÇ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀû Çö»óÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϰí, Á¤Ã¥°á°ú´Â ¿µÇÕÀû °ÔÀÓ(zero-sum game)ÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» °¡Áø´Ù. Blom-Hansen(1997: 676)Àº À̿ܿ¡µµ Á¤Ã¥°øµ¿Ã¼¿Í À̽´³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ ºÐ¼®Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¿ì¼± Á¤Ã¥°áÁ¤¿¡ Âü¿©ÀÚ°¡ ´©±¸Àΰ¡ÀÇ ¹®Á¦¿¡¼ Á¤Ã¥°øµ¿Ã¼ÀÇ ÇàÀ§ÀÚ´Â »óÈ£°£¿¡ ¾Ë°í Áö³»´Â ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ Å¬·´È¸¿øµé°ú ºñ½ÁÇÑ °ü°è¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ¹Ý¸é, À̽´³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼ Âü¿©´Â °³¹æÀûÀÌ´Ù. µÑ°, Á¤Ã¥°øµ¿Ã¼¿¡¼ Á¤Ã¥°áÁ¤Àº Çù·ÂÀûÀÌ°í ¸¸ÀåÀÏÄ¡ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿î¿µµÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̰ÍÀÌ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ µ¿ÀǵǾîÁø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© À̽´³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼´Â ÀÇ»ç¼ÒÅë ä³ÎÀº ¾î¶² º¸Áõ ¾øÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ ¿©·ÐÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Ư¡À¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î Á¤Ã¥°øµ¿Ã¼¿¡¼ ÇàÀ§ÀÚµéÀº Á¤Ã¥°á°ú¿¡ ÀÇÇØ º¸»óÀ» ¹Þ°í, À̽´³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼ º¸»óÀº ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ±×µéÀÇ À̾߱⸦ µè´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ±×Ä£´Ù.
2. Âü¿©¿Í ¹èÁ¦ÀÇ Á¤Ã¥³×Æ®
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