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[±â¾÷ÀμöÇÕº´] ±Û·Î¹ú M&AÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥¿Í ¸ñÀû, ±¹Á¦M&A °³³ä°ú À¯Çü
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±Û·Î¹ú M&AÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥, ÄÁ¼Á, À¯Çü
¥°. ±Û·Î¹ú M&AÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥¿Í ¸ñÀû
1. Æø³ÐÀº ¸ñÇ¥
2. ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñÀû
¥±. ±Û·Î¹ú M&AÀÇ ÄÁ¼Á
¥². ±Û·Î¹ú M&AÀÇ À¯Çü
1. ±Û·Î¹úȸ»çÇÕº´ÀÇ ÄÁ¼ÁÆ®¿Í À¯Çü
1) Èí¼öÇÕº´°ú ½Å¼³ÇÕº´
2) Çö±ÝÇÕº´°ú ÁÖ½ÄÇÕº´
3) ¼öÆòÀû, ¼öÁ÷Àû ¹× ´Ù°¢Àû ÇÕº´
2. ±Û·Î¹úȸ»ç ¸ÅÀÔÀμöÀÇ ÄÁ¼ÁÆ®¿Í À¯Çü
1) ÀÚ»ê¸ÅÀÔÀμö¿Í ÁֽĸÅÀÔÀμö
2) °¾ÐÀû ¼ö´Ü¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¸ÅÀÔÀμö ¹æ¹ý
±Û·Î¹ú M&AÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥, ÄÁ¼Á, À¯Çü
1. ±Û·Î¹ú M&AÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥¿Í ¸ñÀû
(1) ±Û·Î¹ú Áö¿ªº° ±¹°¡º° ºñÁî´Ï½º ȯ°æÀÌ °è¼Ó ±Þ¼Óµµ·Î º¯ÈÇϴµ¥ ÀûÀÀÇÏ°í ´ëÀÀ(adapt and counteract)Çϱâ À§ÇÑ Àü·«Àû ¼ö´ÜÀÇ ÀÏȯÀ¸·Î¼, Á¡Á¡ ¸¹Àº ´Ù±¹Àû±â¾÷µéÀÌ Á¦°¢±â `¸ñÇ¥¸¦ ºÐ¸íÇϰÔ`°áÁ¤ÇÏ°í¼ ±¹Á¦/±Û·Î¹úȸ»ç M&AÀü·«(international/global corporate marger and acquisition strategy)À» Ȱ¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
(2) ƯÈ÷ ¼±Áø´Ù±¹Àû±â¾÷µéÀϼö·Ï ´ë±Ô¸ðÀÚº» Æ÷ÇÔ ¸·´ëÇÑ È¸»çÀÚ¿ø°ú ³ë·ÂÀ» ÅõÀÔÇÏ¿©. ±Û·Î¹ú½ÃÀå Â÷¿ø¿¡¼ ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ Æø³ÐÀº ¸ñÇ¥(broad goals)¿Í ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñÀû(specific objectives)À» ´Þ¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇÑ 1/ ȸ¡¦(»ý·«)
µé)ÀÇ ÁÖ½Ä ¶Ç´Â ÀÚ»êÀ» ÃëµæÇÏ¿© °æ¿µ±ÇÀ» ȹµæÇϰí Çà»çÇÏ´Â ¸ÅÀÔÀμöÀÇ À¯ÇüÀ» ÇÕÄ£ ÄÁ¼ÁÀÌ´Ù.
(2) ±×·¡¼ ±¹Á¦È¸»ç M&A´Â, ³»ºÎºñÁî´Ï½ºÀÚ¿øÀÎ ÀÌÀÍÀ¯º¸±Ý °¨°¡»ó°¢¾× µîº¸´Ù´Â. ¿ÜºÎºñÁî´Ï½ºÀÚ¿ø(external business resources)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ȸ»ç¸¦ ¼ºÀå½ÃŰ´Â µ¥ ¸ñÀûÀ» µÎ°í Ȱ¿ëÇÏ´Â °¡Àå °ø°ÝÀûÀÎ ±Û·Î¹ú°æ¿µÀü·«À¸·Î¼, ȸ»ç¸®½ºÆ®·°Ã³¸µÀ» ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇʼöÀûÀÎ Àü·«¼ö´ÜÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ƯÈ÷ ȸ»çºñÁî´Ï½ºÀÇ ±Ô¸ð ¹üÁÖ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µî ȸ»çÈ®Àå(corporate expansion)À» ÇÏ´Â µ¥ Ȱ¿ëµÇ´Â ÇØ¿ÜÁ÷Á¢ÅõÀÚÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ Àü·«¼ö´ÜÀÌ´Ù.
3. ±Û·Î¹ú M&AÀÇ À¯Çü
1) ±Û·Î¹úȸ»çÇÕº´ÀÇ ÄÁ¼Á¿Í À¯Çü
ÁÖ·Î ´Ù±¹Àû±â¾÷µéÀÌ ¸ôÀÔÇÏ´Â ±¹Á¦/±Û·Î¹úȸ»çÇÕº´(international/global corporate merger)Àº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ±¹ÀûÀÌ ¼·Î ´Ù¸¥ µÑ ¶Ç´Â ±× ÀÌ»óÀÇ È¸»çµéÀÌ, °¢»çÀÇ ÀÌ»çȸ ¹× ÁÖÁÖÃÑȸÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» °ÅÃļ, Àμöȸ»ç°¡ ÇÇÀμöȸ»çÀÇ ÀÚ»ê°ú ºÎ並 ÀμöÇÏ°í °æ¿µ°ü¸®¸¦ ÅëÇÕÇÏ¿© ´ÜÀϱâ¾÷(a single firm)ÀÌ µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
(1) Èí¼öÇÕº´°ú ½Å¼³ÇÕº´
´Ù±¹Àû±â¾÷µéÀÌ ¸ôÀÔÇÏ´Â ÇÕº´À» °Å·¡Çüź°·Î ºÐ·ùÇØ º¸¸é, ÇÑ È¸»ç°¡ ´Ù¸¥ ȸ»ç¸¦ Èí¼öÇÏ¿© ÇÑ °³ÀÇ È¸»ç°¡ µÇ´Â Èí¼öÇÕº´(acquisition merger)°ú µÎ ȸ»ç°¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¼Ò¸êµÇ°í Á¦3ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ȸ»ç°¡ ¼³¸³µÇ´Â ½Å¼³ÇÕº´ (consolidation merger)ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
½Å¼³ÇÕº´ÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â, ´çÃÊ È¸»çµéÀÌ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´ø ¿µ¾÷±ÇÀ̳ª ƯÇã±Ç µî °æ¿µÀÚ¿øÀÌ ½Å¼³È¸»ç¿¡ ½Â°èµÇÁö ¾Ê°í ±× ÀýÂ÷µµ º¹ÀâÇÏ´Ù´Â ¹®Á¦Á¡ÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¼, Àß ÀÌ¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ´Ù±¹Àû±â¾÷µéÀº ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì Èí¼öÇÕº´À» Ȱ¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
(2) Çö±ÝÇÕº´°ú ÁÖ½ÄÇÕº´
ÇÑÆí. ÇÇÀμöȸ»çÀÇ ÁÖ½ÄÀ» ÃëµæÇÏ¸é¼ ÇÇÀμöȸ»çÀÇ ÁÖÁֵ鿡°Ô ´ë±ÝÁö±ÞÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÏ´À³Ä¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ÇÕº´À» ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ³ª´ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
1/ Çö±ÝÇÕº´(cash merger)Àº, Àμöȸ»ç°¡ ÇÇÀμöȸ»çÀÇ ¸ðµç ÁÖ½ÄÀ» Çö±ÝÀ¸·Î ÀμöÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ