농약

5.6.3 유기인계 살충제
 최초: tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP): very effective
 단점: highly toxic to mammals LD50 mice (oral) 2 mg/kg
unstable in water
 대체품: parathion, paraoxon
 장점: broad spectrum; low volatility; not persistent; stable in water
 단점: high mammalian toxicity
저독성 대체품: fenitrothion (ref. p594 표 5.6.1)
 mechanism of toxic action: AChE inhibition
 toxic sign: Ach accumulation에 기인
 Ach의 muscarine 증상: 구토, 복통, 설사, 배변, 축동, 유연, 유루, 기관지수축, 기관지분비 증대
 Ach의 nicotine 증상: 피로, 근력저하, 전신성 경련, 호흡곤란, cyanosis
 해독제: atropine (cholinergic inhibitor),
2-PAM (pralidoxime) (AChE 저해작용을 해제)
parathion → paraoxon [metabolic activation; metabolic intoxication]

① metabolic activation (toxification)

paraoxon: AchE 저해작용

② ③ ④ ⑤ : metabolic detoxification

A…(생략)

⑤ is the main detoxification process catalyzed by esterase found in almost every tissue.