HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE(HMD)

1. Absence of surfactant

-> high surface tension -> tendency to become atelectatic

2. major constituents of surfactant

; dipalmitylphosphatidylcholine(lecithin), phosphatidyl glycerol, apoproteins(SP-A,B,C)

3. factors supressing surfactant synthesis

; asphyxia, hypoxemia, pulmonary ischemia, hypovolemia, hypotension, cold stress
III. PATHOLOGY
생후 6-8hr 이전에는 특징적인 소견 나타나지 않음
1. grossly - deep purplish red and liver like in consistency
2. microscopically - alveolar duct, alveoli and bronchiole
-> lined with acidophylic, homogenous, or granular membrane
IV. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
- tachypnea, prominent grunting, intercostal and subcostal retraction, nasal flaring, duskiness, cyanosis(unresponsive to oxygen therapy)
-> progressive worsening cyanosis & dyspnea, apnea, irregular respiration, mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis, edema, ileus, oliguria
-…(생략)