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International Business
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ÇØ¿ÜÁ÷Á¢ÅõÀÚÀÇ °³³ä°ú Àü·«Àû µ¿±â¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÑ´Ù.
Á÷Á¢ÅõÀÚ¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ¿©·¯ À̷п¡ ´ëÇØ ÇнÀÇÑ´Ù.
ÇØ¿ÜÁ÷Á¢ÅõÀÚÀÇ ÇÑ À¯ÇüÀÎ ÇÕÀÛÅõÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±× °³³ä°ú ÀÇÀÇ, ÆÄÆ®³Ê ¼±Á¤ ¹®Á¦, ½Ç¹«Àû Â÷¿ø¿¡¼ÀÇ Á¡°Ë»çÇ× µîÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
ÃÖ±Ù ±× Á߿伺°ú ºóµµ°¡ ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ Áõ°¡Çϰí ÀÖ´Â Àμö(acquisition)¿¡ ´ëÇØ Àü·«Àû ÀÇÀÇ ¹× µ¿±â, À¯Çü ¹× Àå´ÜÁ¡, ±×¸®°í ÀμöÀü·«ÀÇ ÃßÁø ´Ü°è¸¦ ÇнÀÇÑ´Ù.
ÇØ¿ÜÁ÷Á¢ÅõÀÚ°¡ º»±¹(home country)°ú ÅõÀÚ´ë»ó±¹(host country)¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ¿¡ ´ëÇØ »ìÆìº¸°í, Á÷Á¢ÅõÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤ºÎÀÇ Á¤Ã¥À» ¾Ë¾Æº»´Ù.
¡° ÇÇÅõÀÚ±â¾÷ÀÇ °æ¿µ¿¡ Á÷Á¢ Âü°¡ÇÔÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÚº», °æ¿µ´É·Â,
±â¼ú, »óÇ¥ µîÀÇ »ý»ê¿ä¼Ò¸¦ º¹ÇÕÀûÀ¸·Î ÇØ¿Ü¿¡ ÀÌÀü½ÃŰ´Â
±â¾÷Ȱµ¿ "
cf) international portfolio investment
¢º¡°½ÃÀåÁøÀÔ¡± ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î¼ÀÇ FDI
¢º¡°Global Sourcing(Production) ±âÁö¡± ·Î¼ÀÇ FDI
¢º ¼öÃâ, ¶óÀ̽¼½Ì°ú´Â ¹èŸÀû ´ë¾È, or º¸¿ÏÀû ¼º°Ý?
1. 1 FDI(Foreign Direct Investment)ÀÇ °³³ä°ú ÀÇÀÇ
1¡¦(»ý·«)
1. 2 FDIÀÇ Àü·«Àû µ¿±â
2. 3 ÀýÃæÀÌ·Ð(Eclectic Theory)
2. 4 °úÁ¡Àû ¹ÝÀÀ(Oligopolistic Reaction) ÀÌ·Ð
2. 5 Á¦Ç°¼ö¸íÁÖ±â(Product Life Cycle) ÀÌ·Ð
O
°è¾à¹æ½Ä
(¶óÀ̽¼½Ì µî)
X
O
O
¼öÃâ
O
O
O
ÇØ¿ÜÁ÷Á¢ÅõÀÚ
ÀÔÁö ¿ìÀ§
(Foreign) Location
³»ºÎÈ ¿ìÀ§
Internalization
±â¾÷ƯÀ¯ ¿ìÀ§
Ownership
¿ì À§
ÁøÀÔ¹æ¹ý
ÀÚ·á¿ø: John H. Dunning, International Production and the Multinational
Enterprise, London: George Allen & Unwin, 1981, p. 111
2. 4 °úÁ¡Àû ¹ÝÀÀ(Oligopolistic Reaction) ÀÌ·Ð
¢º ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î °úÁ¡Àº ±ÕÇü»óŸ¦ ¿ä±¸, ÇÑ ±â¾÷ÀÇ FDI´Â
´Ù¸¥ ±â¾÷ÀÇ FDI¸¦ À¯¹ß
¡°Follow-the-leader¡± ¡°Bandwagon effect¡±
(Knickerbocker)
¢º ¼±µµ ±â¾÷ÀÇ FDI´Â ¼³¸íÇÏÁö ¸øÇÔ
2. FDI ÀÌ·Ð
2. 5 Á¦Ç°¼ö¸íÁÖ±â(Product Life Cycle) ÀÌ·Ð
¢º Supply»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Demand Ãø¸é Áß¿ä
¢º µµÀÔ±â: µ¶Á¡Àû ¿ìÀ§, ¼ö¿äÀÇ °¡°Ýź·Â¼º î¸, »ý»êºñ¿ëÀÇ Á߿䵵 î¸,
°í¼Òµæ ¼ÒºñÀÚ¿¡ ÀÎÁ¢ÇÑ ±¹³»(¹Ì±¹)¿¡¼ »ý»ê
¢º ¼ºÀå±â: ´ë·®»ý»ê, °æÀï±â¾÷ µîÀå, °¡°Ýź·Â¼º Áõ°¡, »ý»êºñ °ü½É
Áõ°¡, ±Ô¸ðÀÇ °æÁ¦ Áß¿ä -> ´Ù¸¥ ¼±Áø±¹ ½ÃÀå¿¡ ´ëÇÑ FDI
¢º ¼º¼÷±â: Á¦Ç°»ý»ê Ç¥ÁØÈ, »ý»ê±â¼ú°³¹ß ÇѰè, »ý»êºñ°¡ ÃÖ´ë °ü½É»ç,
ÀúÀӱݱ¹À¸·Î »ý»ê ÀÌÀü -> °³¹ßµµ»ó±¹À¸·ÎÀÇ FDI
¢º ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ¼öÃâ½ÃÀå, º»±¹½ÃÀå(±â¼ú ¸ð¹æ±¹À¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ¿ª¼öÀÔ)À»
»©¾Ñ±âÁö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á´Â ¹æ¾îÀû ¸ñÀû
(Vernon, Wells µî)
2. FDI ÀÌ·Ð
3. 1 FDIÀÇ ÀϹÝÀû À¯Çü
3. FDIÀÇ À¯Çü
½Å±Ô¼³¸³ (Greenfield Investment)
¼³¸³ÇüÅÂ
Àμö/ÇÕº´ (M&A)
ÇÕÀÛÅõÀÚ (Joint Venture)
´Üµ¶ÅõÀÚ (Wholly Owned Su